Resumen

SANCHEN CASAS, Alexis; RODRIGUEZ BEBERT, Yuliet; MARTINEZ ROMEU, Rosa Yanet  y  ESTEVEZ SIERRA, Ingrid. Antimicrobial resistance in potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated in children's nasopharynx at kindergartens. AMC [online]. 2011, vol.15, n.3, pp.516-527. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: the human nasopharinx plays an important role in the colonization of causal bacteria of respiratory processes in children under 6 years. Objective: to show the principal pathogenic bacteria that colonize healthy infants' nasopharinx and their antimicrobial resistance. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study was accomplished at the Hygiene Epidemiology and Microbiology Provincial Center of Camagüey, from January to July 2009. The universe was constituted by 224 children from three kindergartens and the sample was made up of 90 children chosen through a simple random sampling. EPIDAT was the statistical program used. Results: There were ninety pathogenic isolations: Streptococcus pneumoniae, Beta streptococcus haemolyticus, staphylococcus aureus. Other germs like neisseria meningitidis, moraxella catarrhalis and pseudomona aeruginosa were found in minor significance. The streptococcus pneumoniae showed 80 % of resistance to penicillin and the 100 % to oxacillin and amikacin. The Beta streptococcus haemolyticus was resistant in over 80,5 % to the oxacillin and kanamycin. The Staphylococcus aureus contributed to 88,2 % of resistance to penicillin. The remaining germs demonstrated greater values of resistance to the 50 % toward different drugs. Conclusions: Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most important pathogen of the upper respiratory tract with great resistance to antimicrobials of therapeutic use like penicillin. There was emergence of resistant strains to the majority of chemotherapeutics tested which demonstrates no antimicrobial drug works without risk of developing resistance mechanisms.

Palabras clave : PRODUCTS WITH ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION; BACTERIAS [ISOLATION & PURIFICATION]; NASOPHARY; CHILD; CHILD DAY CARE CENTERS; EPIDEMIOLOGY, DESCRIPTIVA.

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