Resumen

FERNANDEZ RAMOS, Humberto; POZO ROMERO, José Antonio  y  CORREA BORRELL, Mayda. Prevention of perioperative neurologic complications. AMC [online]. 2013, vol.17, n.2, pp.244-257. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: perioperative neurologic complications are a challenge to contemporary anesthesiology as a consequence of the development of new surgical techniques. Neurologic damages can develop or worsen as a result of mal practice of anesthesia. That is the reason why a specialist should have the knowledge and the skills that allow them to draw up strategies for the control and prevention of harmful effects that deteriorate permanently the nervous system. Objective: to make an updated revision concerning the measures for the prevention of perioperative neurologic complications. Method: a bibliographic revision of 88 published articles was made. Thirty-four articles for the last decade were chosen to constitute the investigation. A group of preventive interventions were showed with the objective of avoiding and minimizing the risk of central and peripheral perioperative neurologic complications related to general and local anesthesia; were shown as well some considerations that should be taken into account during the application of neurosurgical anesthesia to avoid the increase of intracranial pressure. Conclusions: the physiopathologic, physiologic, and anatomic knowledge of the nervous system; the measures to keep the intracranial pressure, the blood flow and the perfusion pressure to the brain; the right practice of local anesthesia and the correct posture of the anesthetized patient contributed to the prevention of complications and peripheral and central neurologic damages during the perioperative stage.

Palabras clave : PREOPERATIVE PERIOD; NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATIONS; ANESTHESIA, CONDUCTION; TRAUMA, NERVOUS SYSTEM [complications]; REVIEW LITERATURE AS TOPIC.

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