Resumen

ARDILA MEDINA, Carlos Martín; BOTERO ZULUAGA, Leticia  y  GUZMAN ZULUAGA, Isabel Cristina. Comparison of sociodemographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics of patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis. AMC [online]. 2014, vol.18, n.5, pp.532-544. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: some authors documented difference in the clinical characteristics and in the prevalence of periodontopathogens associated with aggressive and chronic periodontitis among the populations studied. Objective: to compare the demographic, clinical and microbiological characteristics between patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis in a Colombian population. Methods: in this cross-sectional study, the universe consisted of 94 patients: 40 with chronic periodontitis, 40 with aggressive periodontitis and 14 controls without periodontitis. A complete periodontal examination that evaluated the most important periodontal parameters was performed. Microbiological samples were taken from patients at sites with a probing depht ≥ 5 mm. Periodontopathogens were identified performing a polymerase chain reaction. The sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using a structured questionnaire. Results: a higher proportion of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tanerella forsythia in chronic periodontitis group was found (p <0.05). Similarly, a higher proportion of Aggregatibacter actynomicetemcomitans was observed in the group of aggressive periodontitis, with statistically significant differences (p <0.05). A higher number of smokers in the chronic periodontitis group were found (p <0.05). The association between periodontitis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans performed by the multinomial logistic regression analysis was retained after adjusting for confounding variables. Periodontal worst parameters were observed in patients with chronic periodontitis compared with the other two groups, and the differences were statistically significant (p <0.05). Similarly, patients with aggressive periodontitis had higher probing depth and attachment loss compared with those without periodontitis (p <0.05). Younger people and lower socioeconomic status were observed in the aggressive periodontitis group (p <0.05). Conclusions: the results of this study show some special microbiological and clinical characteristics of aggressive and chronic periodontitis in the population studied. In terms of strategies for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease, clinicians should be aware of potential differences in the subgingival microbiota and their association with periodontal status in a particular population.

Palabras clave : CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS [microbiology]; PERIODONTAL ATTACHMENT LOSS; HOST-PATHOGEN INTERACTIONS; POPULATION SURVEYS; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES.

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