Resumen

ALUM BARCENAS, Juana María; FERNANDEZ BRIZUELA, Ener de Jesús; MORENO MADRIGAL, Marlenis  y  LEDESMA LEON, Elda. Major congenital defects in live births. AMC [online]. 2015, vol.19, n.2, pp.99-107. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: major congenital defects cause important functional problems for the life of the patient; these defects have a frequency of 2 to 3 % in newborns. Advantages in the infant mortality reduction program in Cuba are due, among other reasons, to the design of strategies that have contributed to the decrease of morbidity and mortality caused by congenital malformations. Objective: to characterize the behavior of major congenital defects in Carlos Manuel de Céspedes municipality, from 2002 to 2013. Methods: a descriptive, cross sectional, case-series study was conducted. The universe was composed of the 67 live births with diagnosis of major congenital defects. The data were collected in a data base. The Cuban register model of congenital malformations was used for this; besides, a review of medical histories of patients and of family histories was also made in family physician offices. Results: major congenital defects predominated in 2006, 2009 and 2011 and were more frequent in February, September and October. The most frequent congenital defects were related to the cardiovascular, renal and osteomioarticular systems. Malformations and syndromes were the most observed from the etiopathogenical point of view. Most of the births did not presented risks. Conclusions: in Céspedes municipality major congenital defects are frequent and contribute to cause infant mortality.

Palabras clave : CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES; RISK FACTORS; INFANT, NEWBORN; MORTALITY; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

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