Resumen

HERNANDEZ DIAZ, Danay et al. Maternal anthropometry and trophic condition of the newborn. AMC [online]. 2016, vol.20, n.5, pp.477-487. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: the nutritional state of a pregnant when she begins being followed up, her body fat and weight gains during pregnancy can affect growing and fetal development in mother’s health. Objective: to determine the possible relation of the pregnant‘s nutritional state at follow up, the body fat, and weight gains during pregnancy with trophic condition of the new-born. Methods: a prospective longitudinal study was conducted in 582 pregnant women from Chiqui Gómez Lubián health center in Santa Clara municipality. Specific anthropometric methods were applied to determine the body mass index, the percentage of body fat and weight gains for trimesters during pregnancy, as well as to evaluate the trophic condition of the new-born. Distributions of frequencies and analyses of variable association were carried out. Results: the association of nutritional state with body fat percentage and waist/ height index, as in waist height index with body fat percentage. Pregnant women with adequate weight and normal percentages of body weight and waist/height prevailed. The greatest weight gains during pregnancy corresponded to mothers of big children for the gestational age. Conclusions: the nutritional state of the pregnant at the beginning of the pregnancy seems to mask the real proportions of body fat and particularly abdominal adiposity, according to the figures of body mass index. However, waist/height index can reveal in time the behavior of composition and distribution of fat in the woman from the beginning of the pregnancy. The greatest weight gains occurred in those pregnancies with big new-borns for the gestational age, in dependence of the nutritional state when they were followed-up.

Palabras clave : ANTHROPOMETRY; BODY COMPOSITION; NUTRITIONAL STATUS; BODY MASS INDEX; LONGITUDINAL STUDIES.

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