Resumen

MOSQUERA BETANCOURT, Gretel; VAN DUC, Hanh; CASARES DELGADO, Jorge Alejandro  y  HERNANDEZ GONZALEZ, Erick Héctor. Characterization of patients with head trauma and traumatic axonal injury. AMC [online]. 2016, vol.20, n.6, pp.609-618. ISSN 1025-0255.

Background: traumatic axonal injury is characterized by multifocal lesions, consequences of primary, secondary and tertiary damage which is able to cause varying degrees of disability. Objective: to characterize patients with traumatic axonal injury. Methods: a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2015. The target population was composed of 35 patients over age 18 whose diagnosis was traumatic axonal injury type I and IV of the Marshall computed tomographic (CT) classification. With the data collected from medical records revisions and direct observation, a database was created in SPSS for its processing through univariate and multivariate techniques. Results: male patients between 18 and 30 years old without bad habits prevailed. Most of the patients survived and death was associated with the presence of severe traumatic axonal injury, Marshall computed tomographic (CT) classification degree III, complications and presence of trauma in thorax, abdomen and cervical spine. Conclusions: diagnosis of traumatic axonal injury is based on the clinical radiological correlation based on images from tomography and it is confirmed by Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Histological study shows injuries that are not demonstrated in the most advanced radiological studies. Its prevention is the most fundamental base in medical assistance, followed by neurocritical attention oriented by neuromonitoring.

Palabras clave : CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; ADULT; CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES.

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