Background:

Laryngeal cancer is a frequent malignant neoplasm of the head and neck, the predominant histological type is squamous cell carcinoma and the majority of those affected by this histological type usually present the tumor located in the glottal region, predominantly in men in a 4: 1 ratio, the increase although there are other factors is associated with greater consumption of tobacco and alcohol.

Objective:

to evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy five years after the end of treatment, as a therapeutic method in patients with stage I and II laryngeal cancer.

Methods:

descriptive, longitudinal, retrospective study was carried out in 27 patients, with the purpose of evaluating the efficacy of radiotherapy as a therapeutic method in patients diagnosed with stage I and II laryngeal cancer in the province of Camagüey, in the period from January 2014 to January 2017.

Results:

age and sex did not influence the efficacy of the treatment. Patients in a stage I evolved better to radiotherapy. The most frequent anatomical region as site of implantation of the tumor was the glottis, however, this parameter did not play a fundamental role since radiotherapy was effective in the rest of the histopathological groups. The patients with undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma all responded satisfactorily to radiotherapy, although in general and independently the histopathological group the results were satisfactory. Mucositis and anemia were the most frequent complications, they did not affect the effectiveness of the radiation.

Conclusions:

considering that local therapy guarantees an excellent quality of life in patients, it is recommended to train the health personnel of the different areas of care, to guarantee an early diagnosis of laryngeal cancer, which will allow a therapy in early stages and greater survival.

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