Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-SANTOS, Olimpio; CELIO-MURILLO, Rodolfo  and  LAURRABAQUIO-MIRANDA, Alfredo Martin. Benefits and risks of the subcutaneous immunotherapy with acari extracts in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma. Vaccimonitor [online]. 2014, vol.23, n.3, pp.124-132. ISSN 1025-028X.

The records of patients from the Allergology Service in the Previsora Policlinic, Camagüey were revised to evaluate benefits and risks of the subcutaneous immunotherapy (ITSC) with extracts of acari. The study was observational, analytic and retrospective of cases and controls in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and bronchial asthma. A total of 160 subjects, older than 18 years old, were chosen. Eighty out of them had already received ITSC with dose increase during 13 weeks and maintenance with monthly injections during 18 months. A total of 80 patients who only received prevention measures and medications during the crises were paired. Questionnaires were applied for quality of rhinoconjunctivitis life and asthma, about the consumption of medications and the frequency of the crises. The adverse events were measured, as they were local and systemic to the cutaneous tests, to the ITSC and the different pharmacological treatments. There was a significant increase of the punctuation of life quality questionnaires, (p=0.011). The consumption of medications decreased in both the cases and the controls, without significant differences (p=0.083). The frequency of the rhinitis and asthma crises decrease in the group of ITSC (p=0.029). Slight local and systemic reactions were reported in both groups with Odds ratio (OR)=2.029 in the ITSC group, with a 95% confidence interval of 1.114–3.967 (p=0.019). The results show that the subcutaneous immunotherapy with acari offers benefits and few risks to patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma.

Keywords : immunotherapy; acari; asthma; rhinoconjunctivitis.

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