Abstract

MARTIN LAURRABAQUIO-MIRANDA, Alfredo; RODRIGUEZ-SANTOS, Olimpio  and  CELIO-MURILLO, Rodolfo. Cow’s milk protein allergy in health centers from Mexico and Cuba. Vaccimonitor [online]. 2016, vol.25, n.3. ISSN 1025-028X.

A descriptive study was conducted in the service of Allergy and Immunology of the Mary Immaculate Clinic, the World Trade Center in Mexico and the Previsora Clinic from Camagüey, Cuba to evaluate the prevalence of cow’s milk allergy (CMA). The universe was 3221 subjects referred to these services from January 2010 to December 2015. The sample was 650 children from 0 to 9 years old with probable symptoms of CMA. Prick test was carried out with cow’s milk and industrial extracts, oral challenge test was carried out, and specific IgE to α-lactoalbumin, ß-lactoglobulina and casein. The age variable was correlated with the presence of atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, allergic rhinitis/asthma, hives and digestive symptoms. Diagnoses by age group and positive tests were added to calculate the percentage of CMA and Chi-square test was applied. The general prevalence of CMA was 4.9%; prevalence by study groups was higher in Mexicans with 5.1% than in Cubans (4.5%) (p=0,036). Patients diagnosed with CMA corresponded to children under 3 years old. Children under one year old with atopic dermatitis were associated with CMA cases to 1.8% prevalence. It can be concluded that the diagnosis of CMA in children with clinical suspicion is done at early ages.

Keywords : allergy; Cow’s milk; Prick test; IgE; oral challenge.

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