Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-SANTOS, Olimpio et al. Sensitization to penicillin allergens in patients suffering from allergic diseases. Vaccimonitor [online]. 2018, vol.27, n.1, pp.16-21. ISSN 1025-028X.

ß-lactam antibiotics are the most widely used, given their efficacy for common bacterial pathogens and their relatively low price. To evaluate sensitization to major and minor allergens of penicillin in patients suffering from allergic diseases, an observational, analytical study of cases and controls was carried out in the universe of 458 individuals referred to the Previsora Allergy Service (Camagüey, Cuba) from January 2010 to November 2016. A sample of 178 children and adults aged 6 to 60 years diagnosed with asthma, rhinitis and urticarial was selected. Those who had a medical history, not confirmed, of allergy to penicillins were considered cases (n=60) and those who did not have the antecedent were the controls (n=118). All the sample had positive Prick tests to one or more of the house mites Dermatophagoides pteronysinus, Dermatophagoides siboney and Blomia tropicalis, as well as against some foods. Some individuals were also positive for PPL and MD. Patients were distributed in sensitized or not with the allergens PPL and MD. The general prevalence of allergy to penicillins was 24.15% (15.7% in cases and 8.9% in controls). The DAP® - Penicillins test showed a greater number of positives in cases than in controls (p=0.037; OR=5.21). The largest number of patients allergic to penicillins corresponded to the female sex (p=0.031). The skin test with allergens PPL and MD can confirm the diagnosis of allergy to penicillins in atopic patients

Keywords : ß-lactam antibiotics; penicillin allergy; prick test; atopics.

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