Abstract

RODRIGUEZ-SANTOS, Olimpio et al. Importance of household mite allergens in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. Vaccimonitor [online]. 2019, vol.28, n.3, pp.97-102.  Epub Dec 01, 2019. ISSN 1025-028X.

The mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp), Dermatophagoides siboney (Ds) and Blomia tropicalis (Bt) are the primary tool for the diagnosis and immunotherapy of Allergic Rhinitis (AR), which is often associated with the Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome (OSAHS). To diagnose OSAHS, 465 individuals were selected from the allergy registry of the “Previsora” Polyclinic, Camagüey, Cuba, with presumptive diagnosis of AR. Those with a skin test (Prick test) negative to Dp, Ds and Bt, and without a previous Cardiorespiratory Polygraphy (CRP) were discarded, leaving 236 patients between 8 and 70 years old: 102 cases (43.2%) those with oral breathing and snoring and 134 controls (56.7%) without oral breathing or snoring. The CRP data analysis was performed using the automatic algorithm of the ApneaLink AirTM device (Resmed Corp., Germany). The average size of the wheal was 5.9 mm in cases (p = 0.02). The Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) was greater than 5 events/hour in 129 patients (54.6%); of those, 97 cases (41.1%) and 32 controls (13.5%). Patients with AHI˃20/h predominated in cases with 21 individuals (8.8%) (p꞊0.048). The sensitivity of the PCR was 95.10%, its specificity 76.12%. The positive and negative predictive values were 75.19% and 95.33% respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 3.98 and the negative one was 0.06. The prevalence of OSAHS was significantly higher in cases compared to controls (p =0.002). The CRP with the ApneaLink device allows the diagnosis of SAHOS in AR.

Keywords : allergic rhinitis; mites; sleep apnea syndrome; skin tests.

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