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Revista Cubana de Plantas Medicinales

versión On-line ISSN 1028-4796

Resumen

RAMIREZ MONTOYA, Rubén; ANGULO ORTIZ, Alberto; OLIVERO VERBEL, Jesús  y  SANTAFE PATINO, Gilmar. Relationship between the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. grown under different fertilizer treatments. Rev Cubana Plant Med [online]. 2013, vol.18, n.1, pp.47-56. ISSN 1028-4796.

Introduction: Ocimum basilicum L. (Lamiaceae) known as albahace, is native from southern Asia, mainly from India.This plant is known for its medicinal properties. The essential oil is used to treat depression and other neurological problems, being considered as a promising species in terms of the industrial utilization of that oil. Objectives: to determine variations in yield, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L., grown under distinct fertilizer treatments. Methods: Ocimum basilicumL. plants were grown under three different fertilizer treatments. A control group without organic or inorganic source, and two groups with different concentrations of organic sources but with the same concentration of inorganic source. The essential oil of adult plants was obtained The steam distillation served to obtain the adult plant's essential oil and the gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry method determined its chemical composition. The antioxidant activity was measured using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrilhydrazil assay. The comparisons of the means of the three groups were made with ANOVA. Results: the yield of the essential oil was not influenced by the fertilizer treatment. It showed high proportion of aromatic compounds (estragole and eugenol) and oxygenated monoterpenes (linalool and eucalyptol). There was significant variation in the content of eugenol and in the antioxidant activity according to the fertilizer treatment. Conclusions: according to the chemical composition, the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum is classified as the Egyptian chemotype. The in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil makes this plant an interesting natural antioxidant, in particular, when it is grown without fertilizer.

Palabras clave : Ocimum basilicum L.; essential oils; Lamiaceae; fertilization.

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