Resumo

CASTELBLANCO SEPULVEDA, Lyda; SANABRIA RODRIGUEZ, Oscar Javier; CRUZ CARRILLO, Anastasia  e  RODRIGUEZ MOLANO, Carlos Eduardo. Preliminary report of the ixodicidal effect of some plant extracts on ticks Boophilus microplus. Rev Cubana Plant Med [online]. 2013, vol.18, n.1, pp.118-130. ISSN 1028-4796.

Introduction: the current concern over the resistance of cattle to antiparasitic drugs and over their residues in the ecosystem have led to the search of tick biological control alternatives in which the use of plants with bioinsecticidal effects are included. Objective: to evaluate in vitro the acaricidal effect of ethanolic extracts of leaves from Ambrosia cumanensis Kunth, Brugmasia arborea (L.) Larget, Bidens pilosa L., Sambucus nigra L. and Nicotiana tabacum L., obtained through soxhlet, on adult ticks Boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae). Methods: plant extracts were obtained by means of the hot extraction method (Soxhlet). Adult ticks were used for testing, which were exposed to each of the extracts in the adult immersion test. Mortality rate was estimated at 15 min and 24 h post-exposure, taking 60 % mortality as the minimum effective rate. At first, the pure extract was used; then if effective, it proceeded to make dilutions until the minimal effective concentration was found. Results: the Nicotiana tabacum extract proved to be an efficient acaricide up to a 2,5:10 dilution, with a 85 % mortality rate in both measurements; Ambrosia cumanensis showed efficacy up to 6,25:10 dilution at 24 h with a 80 % mortality rate; Brugmasia arborea was effective up to 5,0:10 dilution, with 60 and 70 % mortality rates respectively in each measurement; Bidens pilosa and Sambucus nigra did not show efficient acaricidal effect in this study. Conclusions: the Nicotiana tabacum extract proved to be the most efficient acaricide even at very high dilutions such as 2.5:10.

Palavras-chave : tick; soxhlet extraction; acaricide; plants.

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