Introduction:

leprosy is an infectious disease caused by mycobacterium leprae, also called Hansen's disease in honor of the one who discovered the bacteria in 1873. It has several clinical forms and reaction states that depend on the specific immunity of the host.

Case presentation:

a 12-year-old male patient with a diagnosis of lepromatous macular leprosy, characterized by hypochromic anesthetic macules and bilateral symmetric peripheral neuritis of the nerves: major and ulnar auricular, negative smear and the result of probably leprosy histology.

Discussion:

in the field of Dermatopediatrics, leprosy is still a pathology that is little described and undervalued in the daily practice, therefore it becomes a diagnostic challenge, due to the diversity of clinical manifestations that may occur, a thorough skin examination is necessary -neural in every child, presenting suggestive skin lesions and suspicious infectious source.

Conclusions:

the presence of hypochromic anesthetic maculae and bilateral symmetric peripheral neuritis of the nerves: major and ulnar auricular, presence of family history with the disease and probably leprosy histology contributed to the diagnosis of lepromatous macular leprosy.

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