Introduction:

In the intensive care unit of the “Dr. Agostinho Neto” Hospital it has not been specified which germs cause pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation.

Objective:

To specify the causal germs of this type of pneumonia in the aforementioned unit during the years 2014-2018.

Method:

An observational, retrospective and longitudinal study was carried out. The universe was all patients diagnosed with this type of pneumonia (N=561), from these a random sample of 200 patients was selected. The following variables were studied: total of patients admitted to the ICU and those treated with mechanical ventilation and its application time, characteristics of the patients (age, sex, type of patient and diagnosis at admission), characterization of this pneumonia (type, severity level and etiology).

Results:

46.8% of the patients who were treated with mechanical ventilation presented this type of pneumonia, and of these 94.0% presented late pneumonia. Their age was 56.1 ± 12.4 years and the majority were male (n=59). 65.5% presented a clinical disease, and the most common was cerebrovascular disease (24.5%). 73.5% was ventilated for more than five days. The main causal germ was Klepsiella (24.5%).

Conclusion:

Klepsiella and Streptococcusp pneumoneae are the most common causative germs of this pneumonia and this was more common in patients with clinical forms of cerebrovascular disease.

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