Introduction:

Cardiovascular pathologies are currentely the leading cause of death in the world, of which multivessel disease provides a high number of patients, with a marked annual mortality rate higher than those with single-vessel disease.

Objective:

To relate clinical and echocardiographic factors associated with left main coronary artery disease in patients with acute myocardial infarction at the Centro de Cirugía Cardiovascular y Cardiología in Santiago de Cuba, Cuba.

Method:

A prospective, analytical, non-experimental case-control study was conducted (case group 100 patients; control group 300 patients), during the period marked from 2017-2021. It were applied tests of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov method and, the odds ratio (OR) and the Durbin-Watson test were calculated.

Results:

The prevalence of acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation was found in 326 patients (81.5%) with a value of p ≤ 0.05 (0.048); the presence of complications had a very high statistical significance with p ≤ 0.05 (0.00714) as related value; the parietal motility index ˂1.7 points showed a value of p ≤ 0.05 (0.006) with an OR of 2.063; LI 1.229 and LS 3.463. The equation predicted at a 59.7% the risk of acquiring a multivessel disease in patients with: ejection fraction less than 50% in left ventricular diameter >58 mm, left atrial pressure >25 mmHg, PMAP > 15 mmHg and decreased right ventricular systolic function.

Conclusions:

The presence of complications, the type of acute myocardial infarction, and echocardiographic parameters such as parietal motility index were predictors of multivessel disease present in the acute events.

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