Introduction:

SARS-CoV-2 can affect the reproductive system of men and women.

Objective:

to describe the probable effects of COVID-19 on the reproductive system.

Methods:

a literature review was carried out in Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com.cu), PubMed Central (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc), SciELO (https://scielo.org/es) and Infomed (http://www.bvscuba.sld.cu/clasacion-de-revista/revistas-cubanas), with the descriptors COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and reproductive system taken from DeCS -Health Sciences Descriptors at https://decs.bvsalud.org/es. Articles from peer-reviewed journals and websites of recognized health organizations available in full text in Spanish and English languages were selected.

Conclusions:

the presence of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor and cellular proteases in the reproductive system causes affectations of varying degrees, more marked in men. It seems unlikely that the virus is transmitted sexually. Reproductive system involvement could have important clinical implications for fertility, offspring, and virus transmission. Further research with more representative samples is required to assess the extent of damage and the long-term impact of COVID-19 on the human reproductive system.