Resumo

CARDET ESCALONA, Maydoli; ALVAREZ ESTRABAO, Olga Antonia  e  REYES VEGA, José F. Genetic and Nongenetic Risk Factors Associated with Schizophrenia. CCM [online]. 2013, vol.17, n.2, pp.130-138. ISSN 1560-4381.

Introduction: Schizophrenia is among the most severe psychiatric disorders, the mean disease prevalence in the adult population is around 1%, without considering the race or country of study. The municipality of Holguín reports a significant number of patients. Objective: to determine whether aggregation of the disease when identifying the genetic factors as well as to describe the behavior of environmental factors (prenatal and perinatal history, socio-economic level and family functioning) associated with schizophrenia. Methods: an analytical study of 30 cases and 60 control patients to determine whether familial aggregation for schizophrenia. The study group consisted of the total number of individuals in the health area with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and pathological family history of this disease. The information was collected through an interview. Results: the results showed that there was familial aggregation of the disease in the studied families, the first-degree relatives were the most affected ones. There was a predominance of maternal malnutrition history (22 cases for 50.0% and 26 controls for 38.2%) and the low birth weight with 17 cases for 30.8% and 18 of them for 26.4% in). The socioeconomic level was not significant. The results showed the strong association between this risk factor and the disease in dysfunctional families (19 cases to 63.3%). Conclusiones: the genetic factors was determinant and nongenetic factors  showed the need for strategies aimed at counseling families at risk for this disease.

Palavras-chave : risk factors; schizophrenia; genetic and non-genetic; familial aggregation.

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