Resumen

PAEZ GONZALEZ, Yirina et al. Risk Factors of Periodontal Diseases in Adult Patients. ccm [online]. 2015, vol.19, n.2, pp.269-281. ISSN 1560-4381.

Introduction: periodontal diseases are classified among the most common diseases of mankind, affecting more than 95 % of the population. Objective: to describe periodontal disease and risk factors in adult patients. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 19 patients of the Pedro Diaz Coello polyclinic Holguin, in the period from September 2013 to February 2014. The universe was 152 patients; the sample comprised 80 patients diagnosed with periodontal disease. Variables such as sex, age and local risk factors were studied. Results: of the patients affected with periodontal diseases 43 were females (53.7 %) and 37 males (46.2 %). Of a total of 80 affected patients 49 suffered from gingivitis and the age group between 15-18 years was the most affected one, with 29 patients for 59.1 %, with an insignificant predominance of females over males, followed by age group between 19-34 years with 10 patients for 20.4 %. The risk factor was the higher prevalence of poor oral hygiene with 70 patients (87.5 %) followed by dental caries with 45 patients for 56.2 %. Conclusions: gingivitis was the most common condition in patients predominating females and the age group between 15-18 years. Poor oral hygiene was the risk factor most influenced the occurrence of gingivitis and periodontitis; smoking had less influence.

Palabras clave : gingivitis; periodontal disease; periodontitis; oral hygiene; smoking; dental caries; risk factors.

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