Introduction:

low birth weight (LBW) is considered indeed, one of the most important causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Last few years “Ramón López Peña policlinic” from Santiago de Cuba have shown high rates over half of Santiago de Cuba municipality and province.

Objective:

to identify risk factors associated to LBW in “Ramón López Peña” policlinic, Santiago de Cuba.

Method:

controls related to LBW and observational- analytical study was made at “Ramón López Peña” policlinic, in Santiago de Cuba, during January 2012 to December 2016. Sample was 30 cases and 90 controls with selection criteria. We studied socio-demographic variables (mother´s age and socioeconomic situation), nutritionals (initial nutritional evaluation and ponder earn), smoking, associated diseases during pregnancy and obstetrics history. We calculated the relative risk (association weight) through ratio odds, and the attributable risk in porcentual exposited as impact measure; we considered a signification of 5%.

Results:

teenagers probabilities to deliver a LBW were 3.34 more. Nutritional deficiency and low ponder earn showed causal association (OR=3.1 y 3.24, respectively). Smoking habit showed a higher weight association (OR=5.25), together with hypertensive, which probability was 2.66 times higher and 2.56 more in anemic mothers. Regarding obstetrics history, we observed a causal association with previous LBW and abortion history (OR= 3.24 y 2.56).

Conclusions:

teenagers´ pregnancy, nutritional disorders, smoking habit, combination of 2 diseases or more during the pregnancy (mainly anemia and hypertension), abortion history and previous LBW, possessed a very close association with LBW.

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