Resumen

VALDES RAMOS, Eduardo René; RIVERA CHAVEZ, Marjoris  y  BENCOSME RODRIGUEZ, Niurka. Situation of the acute myocardial infarction in persons with diabetes mellitus in Granma province. Rev Cubana Endocrinol [online]. 2012, vol.23, n.2, pp.128-138. ISSN 1561-2953.

Background: diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction and additionally, it seems to grant per se a prognosis of severity for the patients suffering this disease. Objective: to evaluate the situation of the acute myocardial infarct in people with diabetes mellitus living in Granma province. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study of 159 patients, who were admitted to the coronary intensive care unit of "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes" hospital in Bayamo, Granma and diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction in the period of January 2010 to June 2011. Out of these patients, 39 had diabetes mellitus and 120 were not affected by the disease. Demographic, clinical and metabolic data were taken from the medical histories. Results: the percentage of extensive infarction without precordial pain in diabetes mellitus cases was higher than in non-diabetics, but it was not statistically significant (p= 0.3283 and p= 0.1066 respectively). The diabetic patients were 2.8 times more likely to suffer electrical complications that those non-diabetics (p= 0.0121). No significant association between mechanical complications of the acute myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus was found. The number of deaths was significantly higher in cases with diabetes mellitus than in non-diabetic cases (p= 0.0214). The glycemic levels on admission were significantly higher in complicated and in dead cases, both diabetics and non-diabetics. Conclusions: the acute myocardial infarctions in the diabetic patients of our province are often extensive and occur without precordial pain, with electrical complications and associated with high mortality rates. Hyperglycemia on admission is related to increased mortality and morbidity from acute myocardial infarction.

Palabras clave : diabetes mellitus; acute myocardial infarction; electrical and mechanical complications.

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