Resumen

CORDERO RUIZ, Dagmara M et al. Comportamiento de la infección nosocomial en las unidades de terapia en un período de 5 años. Rev Cubana Hig Epidemiol [online]. 2002, vol.40, n.2, pp.79-88. ISSN 0253-1751.

The epidemiological surveys corresponding to nosocomial infection in the services delivered to critical patients at "Dr. Salvador Allende" Hospital from 1992 to 1997, as well as the data collected in the archive of Microbiology Laboratory, were reviewed. 76.3 % of the septic patients had no microbiological test. 49.5 % of the examinations made were from the Intensive Care Unit, with 74.4 % of diagnostic positivity of the total of processed samples. The most frequent localizations of sepsis were bacteria in the lower respiratory tract, surgical wounds, skin and mucosas. The Gram-negative bacilli were the casual germs of highest incidence and among the most frequently isolated were Enterobacter aerogenes, Eschericia coli and Alcaligenes spp. In the Gram-positive bacteria, there were high percentages of resistance to Tetracycline, Gentamicin, Ampicillin and Amikacin. The drugs showed less antimicrobial activity among the Gram-negative bacteria. Multiresistance was observed in the isolated strains. 84.4 % of the germs found showed resistance to 4 or more of the 11 anitibiotics tested in vitro. The drug resistance patterns of the bacterial genera with the highest number of isolations at the Intensive Care Unit comprised almost all the antibiotics tested in vitro, including mainly aminoglucosides.

Palabras clave : CRITICAL CARE; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; SEPSIS; BACTERIAL INFECTIONS; DRUG RESISTANCE, MICROBIAL; CROSS INFECTIONS; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA.

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