Abstract

ACHIONG ESTUPINAN, Fernando et al. Prevalence and risk attributable to smoking. Rev Cubana Hig Epidemiol [online]. 2006, vol.44, n.1. ISSN 0253-1751.

The use of tobacco produces diseases and death that result in an . elevated morbimortality . Tobacco is the most important cause of death in adults aged 35 and over and it causes approximately 5 million deaths a year. The objective of this paper was to obtain the prevalence and cessation of smoking, as well as to know the causes of death attributable to smoking. Relatives of 4 149 deceased individuals were surveyed and statistical calculations were made. Death causes were divided into 4 groups, 3 of them composed of death causes related to tobacco and the other one was made up of causes non attributable to it, which was the reference or control group. The odds ratio (OR) was attained among the death causes of smokers and non smokers from each group. The risk attributable to tobacco was also estimated. The prevalence of smoking among the dead was high (51.9 %), whereas in the surveyed it was 36.0.The prevalence of cessation was 33.0 for the first and 15 % for the second. The group consisting of all the types of cancer, with a relative risk of 1.8 and an attributable risk of 45.5 % showed statistically significant differences. Larynx, lung, stomach and oral cavity cancers were the highest, with the following RR: 23.2; 4.6; 2.4; and 2.6; respectively. In the second group that included the respiratory causes, COPD was significant with 2.4 and an attributable risk of 58.3 %. In the third group, that was that of the vascular causes, the myocardial infarction and the ischemic heart diseases were significant with an OR of 1.5 and 1,2, and an AR of 34,5 and 19,3 %, respectively.

Keywords : Smoking; mortality; incidence; adult.

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