Resumen

VENERO FERNANDEZ, Silvia Josefina et al. Bronchial asthma and rhinitis in schoolboys from Havana City (2001 to 2002). Rev Cubana Hig Epidemiol [online]. 2009, vol.47, n.1. ISSN 0253-1751.

Aim of present paper was to determine prevalence and severity of bronchial asthma and rhinitis in schoolboys from Havana City, and to analyze relation each other. Following the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in the Childhood methodology, we made a cross-sectional study in schoolboys aged from 6 to 7 from metropolitan urban population from Playa and Marianao municipalities in Havana City from 2001 to 2002. We took as demographic group a randomized sample including 1803 schoolboys. We made interviews in parents to get information with a previous informed consent. Total asthma prevalence "sometime" in our schoolboys was of 52,4% and the 31,6% of them had symptoms during the past 12 months (present asthma). Nocturnal dry cough in absence of cold or respiratory infection (43, 8%) was the more prevalent symptom. Only the 0,3% of children had a severe crisis of disease. Global prevalence of rhinitis affected to 47%, and was present in 39,8%. Two of each 10 schoolboys presenting with current rhinitis had the allergic type. Concomitance between rhinitis-asthma was present in 55,3% of schoolboys, and there was a 62,6% of those presented with rhinitis-allergy with current asthma. Both are high risks (odds ratio = 6,56 and 5,04, respectively) for asthma. There were high prevalences of asthma and rhinitis in study schoolboys regardless of sex and predominance of low severity in both entities. Rhinitis is a significant risk factor for asthma development.

Palabras clave : Bronchial asthma; rhinitis; International Study of Asthma and Allergies in the Childhood; schoolboys; Cuba.

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