Resumen

FUENTES CAMARGO, María J et al. Methodological strategy in genetic advisorship for preventing the multifactorial mental retardation with family aggregation. Rev Ciencias Médicas [online]. 2007, vol.11, n.3, pp.114-130. ISSN 1561-3194.

Introduction: Mental retardation is a frequent disability and some authors consider that it is a disorder suffered by 3% in the world, so prevention in primary level of health is very important. Method: A study on the final report "Psychosocial study of the disabled people and a genetic study of the mentally retarded people" was performed in the province, studying the rating instruments of mental retardation as well as the disabilities of antenatal origin, and Crucero de Echevaría Popular Council was selected as the higher rate of mental retardation from antenatal etiology in Consolación del Sur Municipality. A pedigree of the families was designed, and according to this a proposal on methodological strategy of genetic advisorship was made for preventing the multifactorial genetic antenatal mental retardation plus familial aggregation. The sample comprised the total of patients suffering from mental retardation antenatally and they lived in this council (37 inhabitants, 62.5% of the total suffering mental retardation). The simple percentage analysis was used as the statistical method. Results: Among the antenatal causes, the genetic one had the highest number (74%), and the multifactorial one, the most frequent, 31 individuals (83,78%), being the familial aggregation the main aggregation, as well as the most frequent, too. A methodology was designed for preventig the multifactorial mental retardation plus familial aggregation. Conclusions: The intersectoriality will be an important hallmark for fulfilling the goals proposed in our methodology for prevention.

Palabras clave : MENTAL RETARDATION; prevention and control; MEDICAL GENETICS; FAMILY.

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