Introduction:

birth control has been a constant concern since the dawn of humankind. Preconception risk control and management is of crucial importance, it is conditioned by a series of factors, diseases, unique or associated circumstances that may adversely affect the mother-child binomial during gestation, childbirth or puerperium.

Objective:

to characterize preconception reproductive risk factors women of childbearing ages, belonging to the medical offices No- 26 and No-46 of San Juan and Martinez municipality in 2016.

Methods:

an observational, descriptive and longitudinal study was carried out, the target group comprised 117 women of childbearing ages from the chosen clinics and the sample included 53 women who met the inclusion criteria. Data were summarized in absolute and relative frequencies.

Results:

there was predominance of the age group between 30 and 39 years old, in the majority of them hypertension was found as an associated chronic disease, as gynecological conditions the most representative were vulvovaginitis, and as obstetric risk factor, shorter intergenesis period predominated. Mild preeclampsia prevailed as a complication of previous pregnancy and smoking was the most common toxic habit.

Conclusions:

preconception reproductive risk was characterized in women of childbearing age; therefore it contributes to greater awareness and follow-up in family planning clinics.

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