Introduction:

cardiogenic shock is the most severe form of acute heart failure and the main cause of death in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Objective:

to characterize patients with cardiogenic shock due to acute coronary syndrome in the cardiology service of Las Tunas in the period October 2017 to June 2021.

Methods:

a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with a universe of 325 patients and a sample intentionally formed by 296 patients with the diagnosis of acute heart failure due to acute coronary syndrome. The variables studied were age, sex, personal pathological history, obesity, smoking, associated valvulopathies, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, previous drug use, adverse events, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic variables.

Results:

16,5 % of the patients studied developed cardiogenic shock; age > 60 years (67,3 % group I vs. 80,3 % group II), male sex and history of HT (87,8 %) prevailed. Previous use of ACEI or ARA II showed an inversely proportional association with the presence of cardiogenic shock (61,5 %). Echocardiographically, reduced LVEF (61,2 %), altered E/e' ratio (32,6 %), S-wave velocity <5,4 cm/sec (42,9 %) and elevated SFV (46,9 %) predominated. STEMI (81,6%) and anterior topography (51,1%) prevailed.

Conclusions:

patients with acute coronary syndrome who most frequently progress to cardiogenic shock are those of advanced age, without previous pharmacological treatment, with anterior topography infarctions and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.

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