Introduction:

Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are inflammatory bowel diseases of unknown cause with a multifactorial genesis affecting the entire digestive tract, from mouth to anus, such as CD or only the colon and/or rectum.

Objective:

to characterize Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the pediatric age: Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn's Disease.

Methods:

A review of 16 scientific articles related to these topics was carried out through articles retrieved from SciELO, PubMed, Ebsco and Springer.

Development:

genetic predisposition, certain environmental factors, such as diet and hormonal influence, have been associated with alterations in the intestinal microbiota and the integrity of the mucosa and an abnormal immune response to it are the elements that, combined in a given patient, cause IBD. Nutritional intervention in patients with IBD is essential due to the frequent association of this disease with malnutrition.

Conclusions:

Inflammatory Bowel Disease represents an important public health problem, since it tends to affect young people and to have a prolonged clinical course with relapses, thus affecting education, work skills, social life, and quality of life of those who suffer from it.

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