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Variantes anatómicas de las arterias polares del riñón


 
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Revista Médica Electrónica

 ISSN 1684-1824

MENDEZ LOPEZ, Vilma de la Caridad et al. Variantes anatómicas de las arterias polares del riñón. []. , 36, 1, pp. 720-728. ISSN 1684-1824.

^les^aIntroducción: la irrigación arterial del riñón, clásicamente descrita, se produce a partir de la arteria renal y sus dos ramas terminales exclusivamente. El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la presencia y distribución de las arterias renales polares. Métodos: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, longitudinal, prospectivo, observacional y descriptivo, en 37 bloques, provenientes de cadáveres sin cirugías aortorenales ni malformaciones congénitas renoureterales demostrables, en el Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente Celia Sánchez Manduley, de Manzanillo, provincia Granma. Los bloques fueron lavados, fijados y disecados por el método macroscópico directo. Resultados: las arterias polares fueron más frecuente en el sexo masculino y en el lado derecho, demostrándose su presencia en 16 casos (43,24 %), donde 9 presentaban, al menos, una arteria polar superior; 3 presentaron, al menos, una arteria polar inferior; y 4 casos presentaron, al menos, una de cada arteria polar. Predominó el origen de ambas arterias polares como ramo directo de la arteria aorta. Conclusiones: las arterias polares no constituyen variantes anatómicas de rara presencia y su conocimiento es imprescindible en el planeamiento de la cirugía excerética y reconstructiva nefrourológica.^len^aBackground: the kidney arterial irrigation, as it is classically described, occurs from the renal artery and its two terminal branches exclusively. The aim of this research was to determine the presence and distribution of the polar arteries. Method: a quantitative, longitudinal, prospective, observational and descriptive study was carried out on 37 tissue samples from dead bodies without aortic renal surgeries or congenital demonstrable reno-ureteral malformations at “Celia Sánchez Manduley” Teaching Provincial Clinical-Surgical Hospital of Manzanillo, Granma. The samples were washed, fixed and dissected through the direct macroscopic method. Outcomes: The polar arteries were more frequent in the male sex and on the right side, being found in 16 cases (43.24%), 9 of which presented, at least, a superior polar artery; 3 presented at least an inferior polar artery; and 4 cases presented at least one of each type of polar artery. The origin of both polar arteries as a direct branch of the aorta was predominant. Conclusions: The polar arteries are not anatomical variants of rare presence, and our knowledge of them is of vital importance in planning the removing and reconstructive nephro-urologic surgery.

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