Resumen

RUFIN-GOMEZ, Lorenzo Ángel; DELGADO-PEREZ, Lenia Gladys  y  MENDEZ-MARTINEZ, Jesús. Pathogenic effects of acrylamide in health. A review. Rev.Med.Electrón. [online]. 2022, vol.44, n.2, pp. 388-402.  Epub 30-Abr-2022. ISSN 1684-1824.

In April 2002, a group of Swedish researchers revealed that some foods rich in starch and poor in protein, subjected to processes with temperatures above 120 °C (frying, baking, roasting and toasting) contained the procancerogen known as acrylamide, a “probable carcinogen for human”-mutagen of category 2 and toxic to category 3 reproduction according to European Union-behaving as neurotoxic after acute exposures. The review aims to show an update of the advances in research on the toxicity of acrylamide as a worrying aspect in the food issue, and to expose the mechanisms of formation of this compound in food, its toxic effects, the analytical methods used in its determination, the levels detected in different foods, and recent studies on its intake. For that, searches were conducted in PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and ClinicalKey. Epidemiological studies take a short time, and are mostly inconsistent with respect to cancer in human. However, they are complemented using biomarkers where results are obtained in terms of the most reliable carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic toxicity, with less margins of error. For now, the only recommendation to mitigate exposition is to divulge the risk of excessive consumption of fried, very roasted or processed foods, and to follow an equilibrated and healthy diet.

Palabras clave : acrylamide; health: toxicity; genotoxicity; carcinogenicity; neurotoxicity.

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