Abstract

PEREZ GUIROLA, Yakelín. Are necessary the opioids and the adjuvants in the acute pain?. Rev cuba anestesiol reanim [online]. 2012, vol.11, n.1, pp. 48-56. ISSN 1726-6718.

Introduction: The therapeutic approach of acute pain must not to be and not to made from one only perspective and therefore the use of analgesic drugs like opioids and other types to achieve an effective relief of pain. Objective: To make a updating on the opioids and adjuvants in the treatment of chronic and acute pain. Development: Authors made an updating on this subject related to the role of opioids in the treatment of pain, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of other adjuvant drugs like the antidepressants and the anticonvulsants. It is emphasized on the advantages of exploration of the combination of opioids to improve its effectiveness. The tricyclic antidepressants are used in the neuropathic pain in particular and in the chronic pain in general, although the patient has not depression or anxiety. For these treatments lower doses are used and often produce more quick effects than other drugs. Besides, the new antiepileptic drugs have offered significant benefits due to its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of this pharmacological group. Today, there is a great knowledge on its mechanisms of action and its interactions increasing the use of the antiepileptic drugs in clinical entities no related to epilepsy by example, in the case of treatment of pain. Conclusions: The usefulness of opioids is confirmed as analgesic drugs associated with antidepressants, anticonvulsants and antiepileptics in the treatment of acute pain.

Keywords : opioids; antidepressants; anticonvulsants; pain.