Resumen

SANTOS SOLIS, Mailé et al. Relevant risk factors associated to congenital malformations in the Cienfuegos province, 2008-2013. Medisur [online]. 2016, vol.14, n.6, pp.737-747. ISSN 1727-897X.

Foundation: Congenital Malformations contribute significantly to child mortality. They produce sequel and are difficult to prevent. Objective: To determine relevant risk factors associated to the occurrence of congenital malformations.Methods: It is an observational case study and unpaired control realized in Cienfuegos during the period from January 2008 to December 2013, on a universe of 27 002 pregnant women, registered women with foetuses or newborns with congenital malformations were the cases group (483), the control group was conformed by the double of women with healthy children (966), selected by a simple random sampling. The information was collected from the registration of congenital malformations and from the department of the provincial hospital archive. It was used the Chi square statistic was used with a requirement of 95% and the ratio of cross products (OR) with a reliability index of 95%. Logistic regression was applied using the "Wald method" to determine the relevant risk factors associated to the occurrence of congenital malformations.Results: Congenital malformation rate was 17.8 per thousand births. With an increasing tendency; cardiovascular malformations predominated. Alcohol comsumption, consanguinity, and family history of malformation constituted relevant factors in the occurrence of congenital malformations.Conclusion: despite the progress made, there is still a lack of risk perception and their identification is necessary to devise strategies which allow a healthy maternity.

Palabras clave : congenital abnormalities; risk factors; infant mortality; complications.

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