GONZALEZ HERRERA, Nayrelis; RAMIREZ ALI, Roilán    GONZALEZ HERRERA, Naisvel. The problematic methods in the subject animal biology for students with visual disabilities. []. , 21, 3   30--2023. ISSN 1815-7696.

Productive learning based on problematic methods in the Animal Biology subject is a necessity to enhance the training and development of the personality of students with visual disabilities. The objective was to characterize the teaching-learning process in the 8th grade Animal Biology subject for students with visual disabilities at the "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" Special School. Three dimensions of analysis were used: teachers' knowledge about problematic teaching and problematic methods, as well as the skills acquired by students in said subject. The methods used were: observation, interview and initial pedagogical test. The main results pointed to a limited theoretical knowledge of educators about the problematic methods, the categories of problematic teaching and their favorable influence on the cognitive independence of students, especially those with special educational needs due to their visual disability. Therefore, these methods are not incorporated into daily teaching practice. Conclusions: The lack of knowledge of the problematic methods by the majority of educators is a multi-causal problem, where the following stand out: methodological orientations distanced from this subject, little interest from the department, little individual preparation of the teacher and, consequently, inadequate teaching-learning process. of students with visual impairment.

: teaching-learning; biology; visual disability; learners; training; problematic methods.

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