ESPINOZA FREIRE, Eudaldo Enrique. Problem-based learning, a challenge to higher education. []. , 17, 80, pp. 295-303.   02--2021. ISSN 1990-8644.

This article analyzes the particularities of this form of learning and its contribution to this endeavor; it is based on a descriptive study of a bibliographic review type systematized through hermeneutical and analytic-synthetic methods, and on the technique of content analysis. Among the main findings are that: problem-based learning is more than a methodology, a didactic technique, a method or a strategy, it is an alternative of active and autonomous learning centered on the student so that they learn to learn cooperatively in small groups; contributes to the development of competencies for the resolution of relevant problems in the professional field, decision-making, communication skills and development of attitudes and values; stimulates the development of the capacity for cognitive independence through the use of knowledge, skills and habits in solving problems that involve logical reasoning, analysis, explanation, foundation, argumentation, self-regulation and criticism that are proper of critical thinking; In addition, the student increases her system of knowledge, fosters and acquires new skills and attitudes, which will be used to solve new problems fantastomously, these being also skills that characterize cognitive independence.

: Problem-based learning; principles; characteristics; cognitive independence; critical thinking.

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