Introduction:

the revolution in medical training was incorporated into a powerful changing movement for the educational systems of medicine and surgery, which had been occurring since the dawn of the 20th century with the publication of Flexner. It is currently enhanced by research advances in the molecular basis of disease, imaging, instrumentation, nanotechnology, robotic and remote-controlled devices.

Objective:

to analyze the need to update medical training in the specialty of Surgery by applying the scientific-technical advances that are world references.

Methods:

a bibliographic review was carried out on the development of competencies in the training of the surgeon, for which several texts were consulted. The following keywords were used: surgery, surgeons, clinical skills, surgical skills, medical education, evaluation process. After reading them, 25 were selected for analysis and preparation of the report: 16 of international authorship and 9 Cubans; with 76% updating and predominance of serial publications.

Development:

the report was developed from the subtopics: Prevalence of the tutelary model introduced by William Steward Halsted in the training of specialists in Surgery, Relevance of the training of the specialist in Surgery by competencies, Evaluation of competency-based learning, Some definitions of the term competence and On surgical competences in the surgeon's training process, in which positions and diversity of criteria are assumed among the numerous selected authors.

Conclusions:

the teaching-learning process of the surgeon requires that the integration of abilities and skills be programmed and based on surgical skills, without forgetting clinical skills; all supported by new models of learning and evaluation.

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