Resumen

NERI SUAREZ, Martín; ORTIZ ALAMILLA, Adriana Ivón; MUNIZ MONTERO, Isabel  y  MUNIZ MONTERO, Carlos. Application of a spatial optimization algorithm for the selection of forest ecosystem conservation areas. Universidad y Sociedad [online]. 2022, vol.14, n.2, pp. 180-187.  Epub 02-Abr-2022. ISSN 2218-3620.

In the establishment of conservation areas, the technical and scientific criteria used are often unknown. Despite the existence of selection methods that help to make an efficient selection of the territory, conservation areas are still decreed that are not useful for this purpose or generate conflicts with the population. In this study, specialized tools were used in the optimal selection of potential areas for the conservation of forest ecosystems. In a first stage, four ecosystems were identified that are not included in Protected Natural Areas (ANP) and nine are underrepresented. Subsequently, the spatial optimization algorithm was used to efficiently identify the area required to cover the conservation deficit. It was found that 64% of the territory is relevant for conservation. However, with the execution of the optimization algorithm, 18% of the surface was selected. This result is useful to cover the current conservation deficit. It was concluded that the use of spatial optimization algorithms allows the efficient, explicit and transparent location of areas that are important for conservation.

Palabras clave : Heuristic algorithm; protected natural areas; biodiversity; socio-environmental conflicts; territorial planning; ecosystem services.

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