Antecedentes:

En el mundo las cabras siempre han estado unida al hombre por la calidad de sus producciones de carne, leche y lana fundamentalmente, el objetivo es presentar las características generales de los sistemas familiares de producción caprina del municipio Camagüey, Cuba.

Métodos:

Se aplicó una encuesta estructurada a 46 productores familiares, en áreas urbanas y suburbanas de la ciudad de Camagüey, Cuba. Se empleó la estadística descriptiva y un análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos para clasificar los sistemas.

Resultados:

Todos los criadores son mayores de 20 años, predomina el nivel educacional secundario y los hombres. El 54,3 % no dispone de tierras propias o arrendadas y el 47,8 % no pertenece a ninguna asociación productiva, el resto es miembro de alguna cooperativa. Poseen pocos insumos e inversiones y realizan un trabajo familiar no asalariado, su principal sustento no son las cabras. Los rebaños tenían entre 1 y 54 caprinos, de ellos 27,5 % de hembras en ordeño. Los sistemas se clasificaron en tres tipos teniendo en cuenta el total de cabras, horas de pastoreo, cabras en ordeño, años de experiencia, nivel educacional y familiares criando. En el primer grupo tienen un mayor nivel escolar, superior tiempo de pastoreo y número de animales, el segundo grupo promedia cinco horas de pastoreo y octavo grado de escolaridad, contando ambos con indicadores superiores al tercer grupo.

Conclusiones:

Se caracterizaron los sistemas familiares de producción caprina del municipio Camagüey lo que permitirá realizar proyectos de trabajo estratégicos que contribuyan a su desarrollo local sostenible.

Background:

Worldwide, goats have always been linked to man, mainly due to the quality of their production of meat, milk, and wool. The aim of this paper is to present the general characteristics of household systems for goat production in the municipality of Camagüey, Cuba.

Methods:

A survey was applied to 46 household farmers in urban and suburban areas of the city of Camagüey, Cuba. Descriptive statistics was used in the study, along with hierarchical clustering for system classification.

Results:

All the farmers are over 20 years of age, predominantly males with secondary education, on average. Overall, 54.3% of them does not own or is leasing land, and 47.8% works independently from any organizations; the rest belongs to a few cooperatives. The farmers have access to little input and investment funds, and their labor is framed within their households, without salaries; their main way of sustenance is not goat breeding. The herds comprised between 1 and 54 goats, of which 27.5% are milking females. The systems were classified into three types, considering the total of goats, grazing hours, milking goats, years of experience, educational level, and family members engaged in the activity. The first group showed a higher educational level, longer grazing time, and a larger number of animals; the second averaged 5 hours of grazing and eighth grade of education. The indicators in these two groups were higher than in the third group.

Conclusions:

Household goat production systems were characterized in the municipality of Camagüey, which will contribute to more strategic work projects that promote local sustainable development.