Background:

The economic changes implemented in Cuba during the so called Special Period (1991-2000), led to the adoption of measures intended to mitigate scarcities in livestocking.

Aim.

To evaluate the impact of different stages of organizational and structural changes in Cuban agriculture in the 1982-2017 period, on the reproductive efficiency of cattle systems under artificial insemination.

Materials and Methods:

The annual data on the birth index (BI), collected between January 1982 and December 2017, from six livestock companies in the province of Camagüey were included. The evaluation of intervention impact was made by regression analysis, using the Newey-West method.

Results:

A decreasing trend of BI was observed throughout the period, with two stages characterized by an interruption in 1994. The following year a non-significant increase was observed, then a decreasing trend, with a significant annual decline of 0.51%. A significant growth of the annual BI trend of 0.93% was confirmed, in relation to the pre-intervention trend. Conclusions: According to the BI observed, the organizational changes implemented in Cuban agriculture had an impact on reproductive efficiency. The absence of correspondence between the point of intervention of the series to the exact moment of the application of the measures corroborates that the effects observed on reproduction were long-term, due to time delayed inter-variable relations, and because the results expected at certain times are not always observed.