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Cultivos Tropicales
versión impresa ISSN 0258-5936versión On-line ISSN 1819-4087
cultrop vol.42 no.4 supl.1 La Habana 2021 Epub 30-Dic-2021
New cultivar report
INCASoy-2, new cultivar of soybean (Glycine max L.)
1Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), carretera San José-Tapaste, km 3½, Gaveta Postal 1, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba. CP 32700
The new red soybean variety, INCASoy-2 was selected within the INCASoy-24 cultivar in the experimental area of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, during the spring sowings of 2018, due to a spontaneous mutation. Seeds of the selected plant were sown, subsequently, in summer and winter of the same year, giving small segregations of yellow seeds, with a phenotypic behavior similar to its parent. The most notable differences are the reddish-brown color of seed testa, the greater height of this new variety, earlier maturity than INCASoy-24 and greater agricultural potential.
Key words: mutation; seed; seed testa
INTRODUCTION
The new red soybean variety originated as a result of a punctual variation due to a spontaneous mutation and adapted very well to region climatic conditions (Mayabeque) with the possibility of planting it throughout the year, which allows the availability of fresh seed at all times.
Productive cycle
The productive cycle of this new cultivar is described in Table 1.
Table 1 INCASoy-2 crop production cycle
Vegetative stages | Days | Reproductive stages | Days | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
VE | Emergence | 4 | R1 | Blooming beginning | 33 |
VC | Cotyledons | 5 | R2 | Full bloom | 41 |
V1 | First node | 8 | R3 | Beginning of pod formation | 43 |
V2 | Second node | 13 | R4 | Full pod formation | 51 |
V3 | Third node | 16 | R5 | Beginning of grain coarsening | 54 |
V4 | Fourth node | 21 | R6 | Full grain coarsening | 75 |
V5 | Fifth node | 27 | R7 | Beginning of ripening | 82 |
V6 | Sixth node | 31 | R8 | Full ripening | 97 |
MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION
The seedling of this new variety has a light green hypocotyl and cotyledons like its donor. As time goes by it develops a rigid and erect branched stem of 8.5 mm in diameter with tawny pubescence. The new variety (Figure 1) is indeterminate in growth, the plant can reach 35 nodes, five branches and 120 cm in height. The cutting height (height at which the first pod emerges) is 12 cm. The root system is powerful, with the main root that can reach up to 60 cm deep. Its leaves are large oval lanceolate dark green, tawny pubescence and relief of weak ribbing. Its white flowers are inserted in axillary clusters in a number of six to seven per inflorescence 33 days after emergence.
The plant emits pods of 4.5 cm long covered with hairs of brown color like the legume bottom. They are dispersed throughout the plant stem. Its spherical grains of 4.5 mm in diameter are reddish-brown. The plant can produce about 116 pods, averaging five pods per node and 2.7 grains per pod. On a single plant can be counted 305 grains. The weight of 100 grains is 15.98 grams and a plant has a yield of 48.89 grams for a productive potential of 3.7 tons per hectare.
The sowing frame is 70 cm between rows and 4 cm between plants for a population density of more than 357,000 plants ha-1 with good ripening capacity, resistance to lodging and shattering (dehiscence). The new INCASoy-2 variety completes its productive cycle at 97 days. It can be planted all year round and used for both animal feed and human consumption.
Received: June 07, 2021; Accepted: August 12, 2021