<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0138-6557</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina Militar]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cub Med Mil]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0138-6557</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0138-65572022000100020</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Implicaciones del tabaquismo en el contexto de la COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Implications of smoking in the context of COVID-19]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñera-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Héctor Julio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lisandra Aimé]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Victoria de Girón ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0138-65572022000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0138-65572022000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0138-65572022000100020&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Con la propagación del coronavirus tipo 2 causante del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2), han emergido interrogantes sobre los factores de riesgo que influyen en la enfermedad que este origina: la COVID-19. Una cuestión ampliamente debatida ha sido el efecto potencial del tabaquismo en las tasas de infección por SARS-CoV-2 y en las consecuencias clínicas de la COVID-19.  Objetivo:  Dilucidar las implicaciones del tabaquismo en el contexto de la COVID-19.  Desarrollo:  En la literatura consultada fueron identificados varios mecanismos fisiopatológicos que fundamentan el efecto deletéreo del tabaquismo en el contexto de la COVID-19: la regulación al alza de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2; el aumento de la expresión/actividad de la serina proteasa celular de transmembrana 2, la catepsina B/L y la furina; la inmunoinflamación e inmunosupresión; la regulación al alza de la fosfodiesterasa 4; las alteraciones hemovasculares encefálicas; y las modificaciones morfofuncionales del parénquima pulmonar.  Conclusiones:  El tabaquismo desempeña un efecto deletéreo en pacientes con la COVID-19. En esta nociva asociación concursan mecanismos fisiopatológicos que pudiesen hacer que los fumadores -activos o pasivos- posean mayor vulnerabilidad ante la infección por SARS-CoV-2 o que expongan una evolución desfavorable una vez hayan desarrollado la COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  With the spread of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), questions about the risk factors that influence the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have emerged. A widely debated issue has been the potential effect of smoking on SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and the clinical consequences of COVID-19.  Objective:  To elucidate the implications of smoking in the context of COVID-19.  Development:  In the literature consulted, several pathophysiological mechanisms that support the deleterious effect of smoking in the context of COVID-19 were identified: upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; increased expression/activity of transmembrane serine protease 2, cathepsin B/L and furin; immunoinflammation and immunosuppression; upregulation of phosphodiesterase 4; encephalic hemovascular alterations; and morphofunctional modifications of the lung parenchyma.  Conclusions:  Smoking has a deleterious effect on patients bearing COVID-19. In this harmful association, there are pathophysiological mechanisms that may make smokers -active or passive ones- more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection or more likely to present with an unfavorable evolution once they have developed COVID-19.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tabaco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cigarrillo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tabaquismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[nicotina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tobacco]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cigarette]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[smoking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nicotine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SARS-CoV-2]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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