CATYCLIA «Free the Five». Primer cultivar de orquídea epifita obtenido en Cuba
Catyclia «Free the Five». The first epyphytic orchid from Cuba
MSc. Lorenzo Suárez Guerra,I y Dra.C. María M. Hernández EspinosaII
IInvestigador Agregado del departamento de Genética y Mejoramiento Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), carretera San José-Tapaste, km 3½, Gaveta Postal 1, CP 32 700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
IIInvestigadora Titular del departamento de Genética y Mejoramiento Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), carretera San José-Tapaste, km 3½, Gaveta Postal 1, CP 32 700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba.
RESUMEN
Según la Lista de Sander´s, dirigida por la Sociedad Hortícola Real, responsable del registro de orquídeas híbridas, existen más de 10 000 híbridos registrados en el mundo. En Cuba se cuenta con más de trescientas veinte especies nativas y autóctonas y un solo híbrido de orquídea Spathoglottis «Bella Lorena». En este trabajo se presentan las características principales de un nuevo cultivar de orquídea epifita, obtenido por el Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), provincia Mayabeque. Catyclia «Free the Five», es el resultado de la polinización manual cruzada realizada en mayo de 2003, entre Cattleya leuddemanniana y Encyclia phoenicea, las semillas híbridas fueron germinadas mediante el cultivo in vitro y las primeras plantas comenzaron a florecer en julio del 2010 después de siete años de cultivo. Actualmente se encuentra publicado en Orchids Review Supplement 119 (1293): marzo 2011.
Palabras clave: plantas ornamentales, polinización manual, híbridos.
ABSTRACT
According to Sander´s List of Orchid Hybrids, managed by the Royal Horticultural Society responsible for the registration of hybrid orchid, there exist more than 10 000 hybrids of orchids registered in the world. In Cuba we have approximately more than three hundred twenty native species and wild orchids and only one Spathoglottis «Bella Lorena» hybrid. This article presents the main characteristics of a new hybrid of epiphytic orchids; obtained at the National Institute of Agricultural Science (INCA), Mayabeque province. Catyclia «Free the Five» is the result of a manual pollination between Cattleya leuddemaniana and Encyclia phoenicia, the hybrid seeds were germinated in vitro and flowering occurs on June 2010, after seven years of planting. Currently it was published in Orchids Review Supplement 119 (1293): March 2011.
Key words: ornamental plants, manual pollination, hybrids.
]]> INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, the use of hybrids of orchids in the world has a great importance, not only because of their beauty and adaptability, but also due to the good prices achieved on the market; their use has helped to the surviving of wild species of orchids.
This article presents the main characteristics of a new hybrid of epiphytic orchid. This was obtained by a group of researchers of the Biotechnology Laboratory, Genetic Department of the National Institute of Agricultural Science in Mayabeque; Catyclia «Free the Five» was obtained by cross pollination on May 2003, between Cattleya leuddemaniana and Encyclia phoenicia, the hybrid seeds were germinated in vitro and date of first flowering was June 2010, after 7 years of growing.
Description of the genotype Catyclia «Free the Five»
Epiphytic plant with terminal inflorescence. Floral bracts small and triangular. Flowers 5.5- 6 cm across. Sepals purplish green, dorsal oblanceolate-ovate, acute, 2.8- 3.0 cm long, 0.8- 1.0 cm wide and laterals oblanceolate-ovate, concave 2.8- 3.0 cm long, 1.0- 1.2 cm wide. Petals purplish green, similar, spatulate, 3- 3.2 cm long, 1.5- 1.7 cm wide.
Labellum free, 3- lobbed, the lateral lobes white, oblong and reflexes, embracing the column, 3.7 cm long, 1,5 cm wide, median lobe rounded with undulate margins of white color and bright purple- rose suffusion apically and purple tonality intense toward the throat. Column white with fine purple lines, robust, 1.6 cm long.
Recibido: 20 de octubre de 2011
Aceptado: 30 de Julio de 2012
MSc. Lorenzo Suárez Guerra, Investigador Agregado del departamento de Genética y Mejoramiento Vegetal, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), carretera San José-Tapaste, km 3½, Gaveta Postal 1, CP 32 700, San José de las Lajas, Mayabeque, Cuba. Email: lguerra@inca.edu.cu
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