<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0375-0760</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med Trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0375-0760</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0375-07602020000200010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Perfil de resistencia del Mycobacterium tuberculosis a fármacos antituberculosos de primera línea y sus combinaciones]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first-line antituberculosis drugs and their combinations]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruíz-Martin Leyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arzuza Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerra Sarmiento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marlene]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maestre Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ronald]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Laboratorio de Salud Pública del Atlántico Secretaría de Salud del Atlántico ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Barranquilla ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>72</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0375-07602020000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0375-07602020000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0375-07602020000200010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: En Colombia el control de la tuberculosis se ha visto amenazado por la resistencia a los fármacos antituberculosos y especialmente la tuberculosis multidrogorresistente.  Objetivo: Determinar la resistencia global y perfiles de resistencia del Mycobacterium tuberculosis a fármacos antituberculosos de primera línea y combinaciones.  Métodos:  Estudio descriptivo, transversal, en el que se evaluaron 2 701 pacientes con tuberculosis en el Departamento del Atlántico (Colombia), durante los años 2011 a 2016. Se valoraron aspectos sociodemográficos, clínicos y condiciones de riesgo. Se realizó análisis de frecuencias relativas y absolutas, diferencia de proporciones ((2) y razón de prevalencias.  Resultados: El 66,5 % de los pacientes eran hombres, el 53 % tenían entre 15 y 44 años de edad. El 47,34 % con pérdida en el seguimiento y el 11,62 % monorresistentes a isoniacida. La resistencia en casos nuevos fue 7,30 % (IC95%: 6,3-8,5), para este grupo la multidrogorresistencia fue de 1,1 %; mientras que en los previamente tratados la resistencia fue de 18,27 % (IC95%: 15,6- 22,4) y la multidrogorresistencia de 5,7 %. Los factores asociados a resistencia fueron presencia de VIH/TB (RP= 2,6; p= 0,000), otros factores inmunosupresores (RP= 3,5; p= 0,009), contacto de paciente con tuberculosis multidrogorresistente (RP= 16; p= 0,000) y caso previamente tratado (RP= 2,24; p= 0,00).  Conclusiones:  Se evidencia un descenso en la resistencia global a rifampicina e isoniacida, así como en la prevalencia multidrogorresistente tanto en casos nuevos como en previamente tratados en la población estudiada; lo que genera una línea base para la toma de decisiones que permita continuar mejorando la vigilancia y control de la resistencia del M. tuberculosis a fármacos de primera línea, debido a los nuevos retos que este microorganismo representa para la salud pública.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction: Tuberculosis control in Colombia has been hampered by resistance to antituberculosis drugs and particularly by multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.  Objective: Determine the overall resistance and resistance profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to first-line antituberculosis drugs and their combinations.  Methods:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of 2 701 tuberculosis patients from Atlántico Department in Colombia in the period 2011-2016. The evaluation included sociodemographic aspects, clinical characteristics and risk conditions. Data analysis was based on relative and absolute frequencies, proportion difference (x2) and prevalence ratio.  Results: Of the total sample, 66.5% were men and 53% were aged 15-44 years. 47.34% were lost to follow-up and 11.62% were monoresistant to isoniazid. In new cases resistance was 7.30% (CI 95%: 6.3-8.5) and multi-drug resistance was 1.1%, whereas in previously treated cases resistance was 18.27% (CI 95%: 15.6-22.4) and multi-drug resistance was 5.7%. The factors associated to resistance were the presence of HIV/TB (AR= 2.6; p= 0.000), other immunosuppressive factors (AR= 3.5; p= 0.009), contact with multi-drug resistant tuberculosis patient (AR= 16; p= 0.000) and previously treated case (AR= 2.24; p= 0.00).  Conclusions:  A reduction is observed in overall resistance to rifampicin and isoniazid, as well as in the prevalence of multi-drug resistance, both in new cases and in previously treated cases, which creates a baseline for the taking of decisions aimed at the continuing improvement of the surveillance and control of M. tuberculosis resistance to first-line drugs, due to the new challenges posed by this microorganism to public health.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tuberculosis pulmonar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[multidrogorresistente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mycobacterium tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pulmonary tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[multi-drug resistant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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