<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-0300</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-0300</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ECIMED]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-03002021000400010</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Esofagitis eosinofílica y acalasia esofágica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal acalasia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roque González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosalba]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piñol Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felipe Neri]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anido Escobar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vivianne]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-03002021000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-03002021000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-03002021000400010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La esofagitis eosinofílica es una enfermedad emergente, caracterizada por infiltración del esófago por leucocitos eosinófilos. Sus principales síntomas son la disfagia y las frecuentes impactaciones de alimento en el esófago. Actualmente existen evidencias científicas que reconocen la enfermedad como causa posible de evolución no favorable en pacientes después de miotomía de Héller.  Objetivo:  Describir las evidencias biomoleculares que asocian la esofagitis eosinofílica y la acalasia esofágica.  Métodos:  Se realizó una revisión sistemática y crítica de las evidencias sobre los mecanismos biomoleculares asociados a la esofagitis eosinofílica y la acalasia esofágica. Se consultaron artículos publicados entre 2015 y 2020 e indexados en las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, LILACS y Scopus.  Análisis e integración de la información:  Se discute sobre cuestiones medulares que han sido publicadas recientemente respecto al tema en cuestión. ¿Pueden coexistir la esofagitis eosinofílica y la acalasia esofágica? ¿Influye la esofagitis eosinofílica en el resultado del tratamiento de la acalasia esofágica? ¿Qué investigaciones serían necesarias para establecer la relación entre las dos enfermedades?  Conclusiones:  Los mecanismos celulares y biomoleculares desencadenados por la infiltración eosinofílica contextualizan la diferencia etiológica y fisiopatológica de la esofagitis eosinofílica y la acalasia esofágica, lo cual sustenta la evolución desfavorable posmiotomía de los pacientes y motiva la realización de estudios prospectivos y controlados con el fin de ofrecer una mejor calidad de vida.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Eosinophilic esophagitis is an emerging disease characterized by infiltration of the esophagus by eosinophilic leukocytes. Its main symptoms are dysphagia and frequent food impaction in the esophagus. Scientific evidence is now available that recognizes the disease as the possible cause of unfavorable evolution in patients undergoing Heller myotomy.  Objective:  Describe the biomolecular evidence associating eosinophilic esophagitis to esophageal achalasia.  Methods:  A systematic critical review was conducted of the evidence about biomolecular mechanisms associated to eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal achalasia. The articles consulted were published in the databases PubMed, SciELO, LILACS and Scopus from 2015 to 2020.  Data analysis and integration:  A discussion is provided about crucial questions published recently concerning the study topic: Can eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal achalasia coexist? Does eosinophilic esophagitis influence the result of esophageal achalasia treatment? What studies are required to establish the relationship between the two conditions?  Conclusions:  The cellular and biomolecular mechanisms triggered by eosonophilic infiltration contextualize the etiological and pathophysiological difference between eosinophilic esophagitis and esophageal achalasia. This explains the unfavorable post-myotomy evolution of patients and encourages the conduct of prospective controlled studies aimed at enhancing quality of life.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esofagitis eosinofílica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[acalasia esofágica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[miotomía de Héller]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trastornos de motilidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[eosinophilic esophagitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[esophageal achalasia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Heller myotomy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[motility disorders]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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