<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-0300</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Investigaciones Biomédicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-0300</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ECIMED]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-03002021000500009</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Trastornos metabólicos urinarios en pacientes urolitiásicos con enfermedad renal poliquística y sin ella]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Urinary metabolic disorders in urolithiasis patients with and without polycystic kidney disease]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldevilla Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yadira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacallao Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raymed Antonio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mañalich Comas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Reynaldo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dávalos Iglesias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Universitario Clínico-Quirúrgico General Calixto García  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Nefrología Dr. Abelardo Buch López  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-03002021000500009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-03002021000500009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-03002021000500009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  La urolitiasis se ha incrementado en las últimas décadas. La enfermedad renal poliquística autosómica dominante (ERPAD), enfermedad renal hereditaria más frecuente, ocupa un lugar preponderante.  Objetivos:  Identificar la frecuencia de presentación de los trastornos metabólicos urinarios en pacientes litiásicos cubanos con ERPAD y sin ella  Métodos:  Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Fueron estudiados 579 pacientes adultos sin ERPAD, seleccionados por muestreo simple aleatorio y los 21 pacientes con ERPAD, del total de pacientes con litiasis urinaria que se realizó estudio metabólico renal en el Laboratorio de Fisiopatología Renal del Instituto de Nefrología, en el periodo 2010-2015. Los datos fueron tomados de la historia clínica y del informe de estudio metabólico renal. La información se procesó de forma automatizada (SPSS 22.0). Se utilizó el promedio, desviación estándar, análisis de distribución de frecuencias y el test de homogeneidad.  Resultados: En los pacientes con ERPAD predominó el sexo femenino (57,1 %), mientras que en los pacientes sin ERPAD, el masculino (63,4 %). Los trastornos más frecuentes en la población no poliquística fueron hipercalciuria (45,3 %) e hipofosfatemia (17,1 %). En los poliquísticos, aclaramiento aumentado de ácido úrico (38,1 %) e hipercalciuria (23,8 %). Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para aumento del aclaramiento de ácido úrico (p = 0,01) e hiperfosfatemia (p = 0,04).  Conclusiones:  Los principales trastornos metabólicos de los pacientes litiásicos, tanto poliquísticos como no poliquísticos, son el aclaramiento de ácido úrico aumentado, hipercalciuria, hiperuricosuria e hipofosfatemia, aunque el orden de presentación es diferente. El aclaramiento de ácido úrico aumentado y la hiperfosfatemia se presentan con mayor frecuencia en los pacientes litiásicos poliquísticos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Urolithiasis has increased in recent decades. Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common of all hereditary kidney diseases, occupies a predominant position in terms of incidence.  Objectives:  Identify the frequency of occurrence of urinary metabolic disorders in Cuban urolithiasis patients with and without ADPKD.  Methods:  A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of 579 adult patients without ADPKD selected by simple random sampling, and 21 patients with ADPKD, from the total urolithiasis patients undergoing renal metabolic evaluation at the Renal Physiopathology Laboratory of the Institute of Nephrology in the period 2010-2015. Data were obtained from medical records and reports of renal metabolic studies. Information was processed with the statistical software SPSS version 22.0. Average and standard deviation were estimated and use was made of frequency distribution analysis and homogeneity testing.  Results: A predominance was found of female sex among patients with ADPKD (57.1%) and male sex among patients without ADPKD (63.4%). The most common disorders were hypercalciuria (45.3%) and hypophosphatemia (17.1%) in the non-polycystic population, and increased uric acid clearance (38.1%) and hypercalciuria (23.8%) in polycystic patients. Statistically significant differences were found in uric acid clearance increase (p = 0.01) and hyperphosphatemia (p = 0.04).  Conclusions:  The main metabolic disorders of lithiasis patients, polycystic as well as non-polycystic, are increased uric acid clearance, hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria and hypophosphatemia, with a varying order of presentation. Increased uric acid clearance and hyperphosphatemia are more common in polycystic lithiasis patients.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[litiasis renal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad renal poliquística autosómica dominante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[trastorno metabólico urinario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hipercalciuria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[urolithiasis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[urinary metabolic disorder]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hypercalciuria]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raheem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khandwala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Denstedt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Burden of Urolithiasis: Trends in Prevalence, Treatments, and Costs]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Urol Focus]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>18-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ziemba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matlaga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology and economics of nephrolithiasis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investig Clin Urol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>58</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>299-306</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[D'Addessi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gambaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk of recurrence of idiopathic calcium kidney stones: analysis of data from the literature]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>227-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorokin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medical therapy for nephrolithiasis: State of the art]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian J Urol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>243-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mallet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tunnicliffe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Management of Renal Stone Disease. KHA-CARI Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Guideline. Introduction to the KHA-CARI Guidelines on ADPKD]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>521-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Poindexter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams-Huet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pearle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predictive value of kidney stone composition in the detection of metabolic abnormalities]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Med]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>115</volume>
<page-range>26-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skolarikos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Straub]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knoll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pet&#345;ík]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Metabolic evaluation and recurrence prevention for urinary stone patients: EAU guidelines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Urol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>750-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sommerer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clinical manifestation and management of ADPKD in Western Countries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Kidney Dis (Basel)]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>120-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tiselius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daudon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Metabolic Work-up of Patients with Urolithiasis: Indications and Diagnostic Algorithm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur Urol Focus]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>62-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dubois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch. Intern.Med]]></source>
<year>1916</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>862-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Inker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Astor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Isakova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lash]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kurella Tamura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HI]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[KDOQI US commentary on the 2012 KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the evaluation and management of CKD]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Kidney Dis]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>713-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marangella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of nephrolithiasis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>S45-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacallao Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Victores Aguiar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mañalich Comas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llerena Ferrer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almaguer López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización clínico epidemiológica de la litiasis urinaria en un área rural de Artemisa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>300-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Finlayson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Symposium on renal lithiasis in review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urol Clin North Am]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>181-212</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[YS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The epidemiology of reno-ureteral stone disease in Koreans: a nationwide population-based study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Urolithiasis]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>109-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacallao Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madrid Mancia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mañalich Comas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badell Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Trastornos metabólicos renales en pacientes cubanos adultos con litiasis urinarias]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>456-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Idrizi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbullushi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gjata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roshi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Backa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kodra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of nephrolithiasis in polycystic kidney disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Central European Journal of Medicine]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>497-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk factors for progression in ADPKD]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>290-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erickson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The association of nephrolithiasis and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Kidney Dis]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>318-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grampsas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chandhoke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Townsend]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jonhson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anatomic and metabolic risks factors for nephrolithiasis in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Kidney Dis]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>53-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hattery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Renal stone disease in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Kidney Dis]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>513-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kathleen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Citrate Salts for Preventing and Treating Calcium-Containing Kidney Stones in Adults]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am Fam Physician]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>552-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sakhaee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[OW]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Urolithiasis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skorecki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chertow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marsden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ASL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Kidney]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<edition>10</edition>
<page-range>1322-67</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Philadelphia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier Health Sciences]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CYC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Medical prevention of renal stone disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nephron]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>60-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ES]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Familial idiopathic hypercalciuria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[N Engl J Med]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>300</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>337-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nishiura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heilberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[IP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of Nephrolithiasis in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin J Am Soc Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>838-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenzo-Sellares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Primary hyperoxaluria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nefrología]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>273-424</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams-Huet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CYC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ambulatory evaluation of nephrolithiasis an update of a 1980 protocolaboradores]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Med]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<page-range>50-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taylor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stampfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary factors and the risk of incident kidney stones in men: New insights after 14 years of follow up]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Am Soc Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<page-range>3225-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curhan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Willet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knight]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stampfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary factors and the risk of incident kidney stones in younger women: Nurses&#8217; Health Study II]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Intern Med]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>164</volume>
<page-range>885-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Self-Fluid Management in Prevention of Kidney Stones: A PRISMA-Compliant Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicine (Baltimore)]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<numero>27</numero>
<issue>27</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cheungpasitporn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Treatment effect, adherence, and safety of high fluid intake for the prevention of incident and recurrent kidney stones: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Nephrol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>211-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacallao Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldevilla Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mañalich Comas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badell Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Llerena Ferrer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efecto de la ingestión de sal en la excreción renal de agua en pacientes urolitiásicos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>323-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vikrant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parashar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: Study of clinical characteristics in an Indian population]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>115-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
