<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1561-3003</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Higiene y Epidemiología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Hig Epidemiol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1561-3003</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1561-30032021000100016</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Sueño y respuesta inmune en el contexto de la pandemia por la COVID-19]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Sleep and immune response in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Naranjo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Justa Elizabeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alcibiades]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Internacional para la Restauración Neurológica (CIREN)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,NYU School of Medicine Departamento de Neurología, Epilepsy SLEEP lab ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ NY]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>00</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>58</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1561-30032021000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1561-30032021000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1561-30032021000100016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  Existe una relación estrecha entre el sistema inmune y el sueño.  Objetivo:  Exponer elementos que demuestren la relación entre el sistema inmune y el proceso de sueño.  Métodos:  Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos en línea, relacionadas con las alteraciones del sueño y el estado de inmunidad. Se incluyeron artículos originales de investigaciones prospectivas o retrospectivas y trabajos de revisión. El período analizado fue de 46 años, desde 1974 hasta 2020.  Análisis e integración de la información:  El sistema inmune y el proceso de sueño tienen una organización circadiana regida por el núcleo supraquiasmático del hipotálamo, por otro lado, interactúan entre sí modificando sus funciones mutuamente. Numerosas investigaciones concuerdan en que un sueño normal aumenta la defensa inmune mientras que la privación del sueño favorece su detrimento. Durante la pandemia por la COVID 19 se han descrito modificaciones en los estilos de vida implicando reducción de las horas de sueño todo lo cual puede repercutir de forma negativa en la adecuada respuesta inmune en el presente contexto.  Conclusiones:  La regulación del sistema inmune, así como del ciclo sueño vigilia se encuentran bajo un orden circadiano común. Diversos factores que favorecen la privación de sueño exponen a los individuos a tener respuestas inmunológicas desfavorables. Los cambios en nuestros hábitos y costumbres provocados por la situación actual de la pandemia por la COVID-19, han favorecido el desarrollo de diversas alteraciones del sueño en la población las cuales pueden tener repercusiones en nuestra respuesta inmune.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  A close relationship exists between the immune system and sleep.  Objective:  Present elements showing the relationship between the immune system and the sleep process.  Methods:  A bibliographic review was conducted in online databases related to sleep alterations and the immune status. The publications selected were original papers about prospective or retrospective studies and review papers. The period analyzed covered 46 years: from 1974 to 2020.  Data analysis and integration:  The immune system and sleep are circadian processes governed by the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus which interact with one another modifying their mutual functions. Numerous studies agree that normal sleep enhances immune defenses, whereas sleep deprivation tends to lower them. During the COVID-19 pandemic, lifestyle changes have been described which include a reduction in the number of sleep hours, which may negatively impact an adequate immune response in the current context.  Conclusions:  Regulation of the immune system and the sleep/wake cycle share a common circadian rhythm. A number of factors leading to sleep deprivation expose individuals to displaying unfavorable immune responses. Changes in our habits and customs caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic situation have led to the appearance of various sleep alterations in the population which may have a negative impact on our immune response.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sueño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema inmunológico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[privación de sueño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[immune system]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sleep deprivation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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