<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1727-8120</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Humanidades Médicas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Hum Med]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1727-8120</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro para el Desarrollo de las Ciencias Sociales y Humanísticas en Salud]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1727-81202020000200334</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Singularidades e impacto social del autismo severo en Brasil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Singularidades e impacto social do autismo severo no Brasil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Singularities and social impact of severe autism in Brazil]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orrú.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sílvia Ester]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Brasília  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Brazil</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>334</fpage>
<lpage>363</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1727-81202020000200334&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1727-81202020000200334&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1727-81202020000200334&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El autismo severo es uno de los niveles de deterioro del trastorno del espectro autista, descrito en el Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales en su quinta versión. El presente estudio describe el autismo severo según la literatura científica y discute, a partir de la información producida por los participantes, su impacto social en la vida familiar de este sujeto. La investigación se caracteriza por ser descriptiva-explicativa con datos cuantitativos y cualitativos con una perspectiva de enfoque cualitativo para el análisis e interpretación de datos. Los resultados apuntan al intenso sufrimiento experimentado por las personas con autismo severo y sus familiares, así como a los impactos sociales debido a la ausencia de políticas públicas efectivas que favorezcan la calidad de vida e inclusión social de estos sujetos. Se concluye que la invisibilidad del autismo severo en la sociedad brasileña es un factor que promueve y perpetúa los mecanismos de exclusión social, además de la evidencia de la necesidad de más estudios, investigación y difusión sobre el tema.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO O autismo severo se constitui um dos níveis de comprometimento do Transtorno do Espectro Autista, descrito no Manual de Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais em sua quinta versão. O presente estudo descreve o autismo severo segundo a literatura científica e discute, a partir das informações produzidas pelos participantes, seu impacto social na vida familiar desse sujeito. A pesquisa se caracteriza como descritiva-explicativa com dados quantitativos e qualitativos numa perspectiva de abordagem qualitativa para análise e interpretação dos dados. Os resultados apontam para intensos sofrimentos vivenciados pela pessoa com autismo severo, bem como por seus familiares, além de impactos sociais pela ausência de políticas públicas efetivas que favoreçam sua qualidade de vida e inclusão social do sujetos. Conclui-se que a invisibilidade do autismo severo na sociedade brasileira, é um fator promotor e perpetuador de mecanismos de exclusão social, além da evidência da necessidade de mais estudos, pesquisas e divulgações sobre o tema.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Severe autism is one of the levels of impairment of Autistic Spectrum Disorder, described in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders in its fifth version. This study describes severe autism according to the scientific literature and discusses, from the information produced by the participants, its social impact on the family life of this subject. The research is characterized as descriptive-explanatory with quantitative and qualitative data in a perspective of qualitative approach for data analysis and interpretation. The results point to the intense suffering experienced by people with severe autism, as well as their families, as well as social impacts due to the absence of effective public policies that favor their quality of life and social inclusion. It is concluded that the invisibility of severe autism in Brazilian society is a factor that promotes and perpetuates mechanisms of social exclusion, besides the evidence of the need for further studies, research and dissemination on the subject.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[autismo severo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[singularidades impacto social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[políticas públicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calidad de vida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[autismo severo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[singularidades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[impacto social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[políticas públicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[qualidade de vida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[severe autism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[singularities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social impact]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public policy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[quality of life]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sellin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Une âme prisonnière]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editeur Robert Laffont]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autisc Disturbances of Affective Contact]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nervous Child]]></source>
<year>1943</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1943</numero>
<issue>1943</issue>
<page-range>217-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Early infantile autism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>1944</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>211-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eisenberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Notes on the follow-up studies of autistic children]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zubin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Psychopathology of Childhood]]></source>
<year>1955</year>
<page-range>227-39</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grune &amp; Stratton]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>119-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>United Nations Organization (ONU)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[UN calls for recognizing the rights of people with autism to make their own decisions]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>2</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Refugees and Migrants]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciaranello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ciaranello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The neurobiology of infantile autism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Neurosc]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>361-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Satterstrom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FK]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Large-Scale Exome Sequencing Study Implicates Both Developmental and Functional Changes in the Neurobiology of Autism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cell]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>180</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>568-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hadjkacem]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors associated with autism spectrum disorder]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Jornal de Pediatria]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>595-601</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bellinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparing the population neurodevelopmental burdens associated with children's exposures to environmental chemicals and other risk factors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurotoxicology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>641-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hooker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sykes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A two-phase study evaluating the relationship between Thimerosal-containing vaccine administration and the risk for an autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Translational Neurodegeneration]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>25</numero>
<issue>25</issue>
<page-range>1-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohamed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FEB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assessment of Hair Aluminum, Lead, and Mercury in a Sample of Autistic Egyptian Children: Environmental Risk Factors of Heavy Metals in Autism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Behavioural Neurology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanders]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RO]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perinatal and Childhood Exposure to Cadmium, Manganese, and Metal Mixtures and Effects on Cognition and Behavior: A Review of Recent Literature]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Current Environmental Health Reports]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>284-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pringsheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders: The Clinical Spectrum Beyond Tics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Review of Neurobiology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>134</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1461-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grandjean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Landrigan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neurobehavioral effects of developmental toxicity]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet Neurology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>30-338</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stessman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Targeted sequencing identifies 91 neurodevelopmental-disorder risk genes with autism and developmental-disability biases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Genetics]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>515-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Russo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modeling the Interplay Between Neurons and Astrocytes in Autism Using Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biological Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>569-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gauderer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Autismo, década de 80: uma atualização para os que atuam na área do especialista aos pais]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sarvier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillberg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The neurobiology of infantile autism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>257-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rutter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shopler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autism and pervasive developmental disorders: Concepts and diagnostic issues]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schopler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesibov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnosis and assessment in autism]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Plenum Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Autism Society of America (ASA)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Autism USA]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rockville, Maryland ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Departament of Health and Human Services/Public Health Service National Institutes of Health]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacks]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Um antropólogo em Marte]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Companhia das Letras]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Classificação estatística internacional de doenças e problemas relacionados à saúde - 10ª revisão]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo, Brasil ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Colaborador da OMS para a Classificação de Doenças em Português/Edusp]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>American Psychiatric Association (APA)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - DSM-V]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<edition>5th</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Arlington, VA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[American Psychiatric Association]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gould]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Severe impairments of social interaction and associated abnormalities in children: Epidemiology and classification]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal Of Autism And Developmental Disorders]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>11-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lampreia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Os enfoques cognitivista e desenvolvimentista no autismo: uma análise preliminar]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>111-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanolla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Causas genéticas, epigenéticas e ambientais do transtorno do espectro autista]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cadernos de Pós-graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>29-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bianchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NCP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LAP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Autismo e comorbidades: achados atuais e futuras direções de pesquisa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Distúrbios da Comunicação]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>624-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yang]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are gastrointestinal and sleep problems associated with behavioral symptoms of autism spectrum disorder?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Psychiatry Research]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>259</volume>
<numero>2018</numero>
<issue>2018</issue>
<page-range>229-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holingue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newill]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasricha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daniele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gastrointestinal symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A review of the literature on ascertainment and prevalence]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Autism Research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>24-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nunes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Insomnia in childhood and adolescence: clinical aspects, diagnosis, and therapeutic approach]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Jornal de Pediatria]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>91</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>26-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schreck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mulick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sleep problems as possible predictors of intensified symptoms of autism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Research In Developmental Disabilities]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>57-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lakatos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[MdA]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marconi]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fundamentos de metodologia científica]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<edition>5th</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[São Paulo ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Atlas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional 1996. Publicada no Diário Oficial de Brasília, Brasil. Lei nº. 9394]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Política Nacional de Educação Especial na perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brasília ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Senado Federal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei que Institui a Política Nacional de Proteção dos Direitos da Pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro Autista. Publicada pela Presidência da República, Brasília, Brasil, Lei nº. 12764]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei que altera a Lei nº 8.069, de 13 de julho de 1990 (Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente), para tornar obrigatória a adoção pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) de protocolo que estabeleça padrões para a avaliação de riscos para o desenvolvimento psíquico das crianças. Publicada pela Presidência da República, Brasília, Brasil, Lei nº. 13.438]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Brasil</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lei Orgânica da Assistência Social. Publicada pela Presidência da República, Brasília, Brasil, Lei nº 8742/93]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buesher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AVS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cidav]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knapp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DS]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Costs of Autism Spectrum Disorders in the United Kingdom and the United States]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Jama Pediatrics]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>168</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>721-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Järbrink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The economic consequences of autistic spectrum disorder among children in a Swedish municipality]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[SAGE Publications]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>453-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orrú]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Aprendizes com autismo: aprendizagem por eixos de interesse em espaços não excludentes]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rio de Janeiro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Vozes]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orrú]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contribuições da abordagem histórico-cultural na educação de alunos autistas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev Hum Med]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hanoch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lubotzky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabidiol Based Medical Cannabis in Children with Autism: a Retrospective Feasibility Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neurology]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>3-318</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cassuto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lubotzky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wattad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hazan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Brief Report: Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Severe Behavioral Problems-A Retrospective Feasibility Study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Autism Dev Disord]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1284-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaplan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catterall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Westenbroek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cannabidiol attenuates seizures and social deficits in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<numero>42</numero>
<issue>42</issue>
<page-range>11229-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gontijo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ADC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Canabidiol e suas aplicações terapêuticas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Refacer - Revista Eletrônica da Faculdade de Ceres]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hussain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Perceived efficacy of cannabidiol-enriched cannabis extracts for treatment of pediatric epilepsy: a potential role for infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Epilepsy &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>2015</numero>
<issue>2015</issue>
<page-range>138-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Press]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Knupp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chapman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Parental reporting of response to oral cannabis extracts for treatment of refractory epilepsy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Epilepsy &amp; Behavior]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>2015</numero>
<issue>2015</issue>
<page-range>49-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kuganesan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallassi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malcher-Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brink]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Addressing the stimulant treatment gap: A call to investigate the therapeutic benefits potential of cannabinoids for crack-cocaine use]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Drug Policy]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>1177-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malcher-Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Canabinoides ajudam a desvendar aspectos etiológicos em comum e trazem esperança para o tratamento de autismo e epilepsia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista da Biologia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>43-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
