<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1817-4078</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Novedades en Población]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Nov Pob]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1817-4078</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudios Demográficos/UH]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1817-40782019000200046</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cuba. Envejecimiento y bono demográficos. Retos al desarrollo]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cuba. Demographic ageing and dividend. Challenges to development]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos Espiñeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Centro de Estudios de la Economía Cubana (CEEC) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>30</numero>
<fpage>46</fpage>
<lpage>63</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1817-40782019000200046&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1817-40782019000200046&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1817-40782019000200046&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El artículo analiza el estado del proceso de envejecimiento demográfico en Cuba y el impacto que ello significa en términos de las transformaciones experimentadas por la estructura de edades de la población, así como el efecto que ha producido sobre la disponibilidad de recursos laborales, el bono demográfico y el bono de género, e igualmente aborda las causas que llevaron a la extinción de ese primer bono demográfico. Finaliza con una propuesta de política integral de población enfocada hacia el alcance de objetivos explícitos de desarrollo humano.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The paper deals with the state of the demographic ageing process in Cuba as well as with what that means in terms of the transformations of the age structure of the population and its effect on the availability of manpower in the country, the demographic dividend, the gender dividend and the causes leading to the extinction of that first demographic dividend. The paper finally offers a proposal of a comprehensive population policy aimed to obtaining explicit goals on human development.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bono demográfico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bono de género]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[envejecimiento demográfico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[recursos laborales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Demographic ageing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[demographic dividend]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gender dividend]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[labour force]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El potencial migratorio externo de Cuba en la década de los años noventa]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de La Habana, Centro de Estudios de Alternativas Políticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aja]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catasús]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La población cubana. Tendencias actuales y perspectivas. Recomendaciones para la acción]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Novedades en Población]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>15</numero>
<issue>15</issue>
<page-range>121-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Quo Vadis, Domine]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudios Demográficos, Universidad de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La fecundidad en Cuba. Viejas interrogantes y algunas respuestas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Novedades en Población]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cuba. Escenarios demográficos hacia 2030]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Novedades en Población]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>XI</volume>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>1-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fertility, GDP and Average Real Wage in Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[MEDICC Review]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>71-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuban population]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<month>b</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Altshuler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Batista-Leyva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Symmetry breaking in escaping ants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The American Naturalist]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>166</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>643-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mattar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Política social y reformas estructurales: Cuba a principios del siglo XXI]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México D. F., México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Comisión Económica para América Latina, Programa de las naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo e Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inoculación nacionalista del miedo, sinsentido demográfico. (A. Domènech, Ed.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sin Permiso]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>472</numero>
<issue>472</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Demografía: Amos y siervos]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Mono Político]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weisbrot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Social security: The phony crisis]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bloom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The demographic dividend: a new perspective on the economic consequences of population change]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santa Monica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[RAND]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Discurso, Segundo Período de Sesiones, VII Legislatura, Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular, 27 de diciembre. Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Publicaciones Consejo de Estado]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba 2000]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba, 2002]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba 2005]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba 2010]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba 2012]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Proyecciones de Población Urbana y Rural Cubana 2015-2050]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>CEPDE-ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba 2017]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oficina Nacional de Estadísticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chappi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Compañeros ricos? Los grupos de altos ingresos en el socialismo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Temas: Cultura, ideología, sociedad]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Department of Economic and Social Affairs</collab>
<source><![CDATA[National transfer accounts manual: Measuring and analyzing the generational economy]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>vol. 1</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[United Natios Population Division]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desafíos estructurales en el sector productivo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Miradas a la economía cubana: el proceso de actualización]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>Vol. 1</volume>
<page-range>192</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Caminos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echevarría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reformas y Equidad Social en Cuba: apuntes sobre la política social y el cuadro socioestructural de la &#8220;actualización&#8221;]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudios de la Economía Cubana-Universidad de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La población de Cuba. Ponencia presentada en el Seminario-Taller Population Ageing and National Transfer Accounts: An Introduction]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL-CELADE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Transición demográfica y envejecimiento de la población]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INSIE-CEE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba, 1970]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Comité Estatal de Estadísticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INSIE-CEE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Demográfico de Cuba, 1981]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Comité Estatal de Estadísticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INSIE-CEE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Anuario Estadístico de Cuba 1985]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>Vol. 1</volume>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Comité Estatal de Estadísticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Fertility, human capital, and economic growth over the demographic transition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Population]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>159-82</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Saving, wealth, and population]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Birdsall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kelley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[W]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sinding, Population matters: Economic growth, and poverty in the Developing Countries]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<page-range>137-64</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tuljapurkar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Uncertain demographic futures and Social Security finances]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>237-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bono de género en América Latina y el Caribe. Conceptos, metodología y aplicaciones]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CELADE-División de población de CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez G.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Participación laboral femenina y bono de género en América Latina]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Santiago de Chile ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPAL, IDRC, UNFPA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Population change and economic development in East Asia: challenges met, opportunities seized]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Palo Alto ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Stanford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mason]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Demographic transition and demographic dividends in developed and developing countries]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[México D.F. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[United Nations Expert Group Meeting on Social and Economic Implications of Changing Population Age Structures]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa-Lago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Convirtiendo el desempleo oculto en visible en Cuba: ¿Podrán emplearse medio millón de trabajadores despedidos?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Espacio Laical]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>VI</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Redimensionamiento y diversificación de la agroindustria azucarera cubana. CD. 15 años del CEEC. (CEEC, Ed.)]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudios de la Economía Cubana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ONE</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Proyecciones de la población cubana. 2010-2030]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oficina Nacinal de Estadísticas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Censo de Población y Viviendas 2012. Informe Nacional]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Panorama territorial, Cuba 2016]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>ONEI</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Salario Medio en Cifras, Cuba 2017]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ONEI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>PCC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Bases del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Económico y Social hasta el 2030: Visión de la Nación, Ejes y Sectores Estratégicos]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>a</month>
<page-range>14-22</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UEB Gráfica. Empresa de Periódicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>PCC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Conceptualización del Modelo Económico y Social Cubano de Desarrollo Socialista]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>b</month>
<page-range>2-13</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UEB Gráfica. Empresa de Periódicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>PCC</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lineamientos de la Política Económica y Social del Partido y la Revolución para el período 2016-2021]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>c</month>
<page-range>23-32</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[UEB Gráfica. Empresa de Periódicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cuba. La evolución económica reciente. Una valoración]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ensayos y monografías]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<numero>94</numero>
<issue>94</issue>
<page-range>50-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aspectos Globales]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iñiguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Miradas a la Economía Cubana]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<page-range>140</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Caminos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>PNUD</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe de Desarrollo Humano 2009. Superando barreras: Movilidad y desarrollo humanos. (G. Ink, Ed., &amp; C. LTS Mundo y Tilt Diseño, Trad.)]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, , USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo Mundi-Prensa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[De lo individual a lo social: Cambios en la fecundidad cubana]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial CEDEM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizu-Campos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Bono de género. Aproximación a Cuba]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Estudios Demográficos, Universidad de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Participación laboral femenina y bono de género en América Latina. Cuál es hoy, el rol de la mujer en el mercado laboral? Retos en Perú y América Latina. 1, 1-12]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Lima ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CELADE-División de Población de la CEPAL]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>UNDP</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Human development indices and indicators 2018. Statistical updates]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, NY, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Communications Development Incorporated]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Entre el ajuste fiscal y los cambios estructurales se extiende el cuentapropismo en Cuba]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Espacio Laical]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>VI</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prólogo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Miradas a la economía cubana: El proceso de actualización]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>vol. 1</volume>
<page-range>9-16</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Habana, Cuba ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Caminos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
