<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2071-0054</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cie Téc Agr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2071-0054</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Agraria de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2071-00542020000300037</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparison of Three Variants of Substrate Preparation Used in the Propagation of Cocoa Standards]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Comparación de tres variantes de preparación del sustrato empleado en la propagación de patrones de cacao]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aracelly-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plaza-Avellán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivadeneira-Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Betty Janeth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Párraga-Palacios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Flor María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera-Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM) Instituto de Postgrado ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Portoviejo Manabí]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>37</fpage>
<lpage>49</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2071-00542020000300037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2071-00542020000300037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2071-00542020000300037&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This research was conducted to compare three variants of substrate preparation used in mass propagation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in nursery conditions. Three treatments were studied: T1-manual mixing with shovel, T2-mechanized mixing with motorized cultivator and T3-mechanized with mixer. Evaluations were made of the physical-chemical characteristics of the substrate, compaction, cotyledon height, number of leaves per plant, stem diameter, plant height at 20, 40 and 60 days, fresh weight of the plant and root and root length. The results showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the treatments, i.e. the method of preparation of the substrate does not have a direct incidence on the agronomic response of the plant, in the conditions and period investigated. The physical-chemical analysis of the mixed substrates showed, in all three cases, a sandy loam texture with an apparent density ranging from 1,17 to 1,19 g/cm3, as well as an organic matter content ranging from 1,9 to 3,2 %. The average pH was 5.9. No statistically significant differences were found between the treatments in terms of effects on the vegetative development of the plant throughout the development cycle evaluated. The economic analysis showed that it is more profitable to use mechanized technology if it is used in mass propagation centers, since the productivity of the machines is three (T2) and four times (T3) more than the manual variant.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La presente investigación se realizó con el objetivo de comparar tres variantes de preparación del sustrato empleado en la propagación masiva de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en condiciones de vivero. Se estudiaron tres tratamientos: T1-mezclado manual con pala, T2-mezclado mecanizado con motocultor, y T3- mecanizado con mezcladora. Se hicieron evaluaciones de las características físico-químicas del sustrato, compactación, altura del cotiledón, número de hojas por planta, diámetro del tallo, altura de plantas a los 20, 40 y 60 días, peso fresco de la planta y raíz, longitud de la raíz, finalmente se realizó un análisis económico. Los resultados evidenciaron que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tratamientos, es decir el método de preparación del sustrato no tiene una incidencia directa en la respuesta agronómica de la planta, en las condiciones y periodo de tiempo investigado. El análisis físico químico de los sustratos mezclados mostró, que en los tres casos una textura franco arenoso con una densidad aparente que osciló de 1,17 a 1,19 g/cm3, de igual forma el contenido de materia orgánica varió de 1,9 a 3,2 %. El pH promedio fue de 5,9. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los tratamientos en lo referente a los efectos en el desarrollo vegetativo de la planta en todo el ciclo de desarrollo evaluado. El análisis económico evidenció es más rentable utilizar una tecnología mecanizada siempre y cuando utilicen en centros de propagación masiva, pues la productividad de las máquinas es tres (T2) y cuatro veces (T3) más que la variante manual.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[substrate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cocoa seedlings]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[substrate mix]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sustrato]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[plántulas de cacao]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mezcla de sustrato]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ed. OmniaScience, Morelos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
