<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202025000300006</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The emergence and theoretical origins of Azerbaijani free verse]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El surgimiento y los orígenes teóricos del verso libre azerbaiyano]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aliyeva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gultekin Agajan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Baku Slavic University Azerbaijan  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The introduction of free verse into Azerbaijani poetry in the 1920s is a defining event in the national literary tradition, an event that represented a radical departure from conventional forms of poetry with long cultural significance. But despite the transformative potential of free verse, existing scholarship lacks a comprehensive theoretical analysis of its historical development and aesthetic significance within the Azerbaijani literary landscape. Thus, this study critically examines the emergence, theoretical conceptualization, and evolutionary trajectory of free verse in Azerbaijani poetry by synthesizing the opinions of local and international literary critics. By examining the initial reception and theoretical interpretations of free verse, the study illustrates how this poetic form rapidly transformed from being considered a radical futurist trend to being consolidated as an authentic literary expression. It is demonstrated that early free verse mainly conveyed proletarian ideologies, simultaneously challenging traditional poetic forms. The investigation demonstrates that early free verse predominantly articulated proletarian ideologies, while simultaneously challenging traditional poetic structures. Key findings indicate that the theoretical understanding of free verse in Azerbaijan evolved significantly, from peripheral experimentation to an aware­ness of its artistic and ideological potentialities. By integrating Azerbaijani, Russian, and Western literary theoreticians' views, the research presents a comprehensive model of explaining the emergence and theoretical contextualization of free verse in Azerbaijani poetry.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La introducción del verso libre en la poesía azerbaiyana en la década de 1920 marcó un hito en la tradición literaria nacional y representó un cambio radical respecto a las formas poéticas convencionales, de larga trascendencia cultural. Sin embargo, a pesar de su potencial transformador, la literatura existente carece de un análisis teórico exhaustivo de su desarrollo histórico y su importancia estética en el panorama literario azerbaiyano. Por ello, este estudio examina críticamente el surgimiento, la conceptualización teórica y la trayectoria evolutiva del verso libre en la poesía azerbaiyana, sintetizando las opiniones de críticos literarios locales e internacionales. Al examinar la recepción inicial y las interpretaciones teóricas del verso libre, el estudio ilustra cómo esta forma poética se transformó rápidamente, pasando de ser considerada una tendencia futurista radical a consolidarse como una auténtica expresión literaria. Se demuestra que el verso libre temprano transmitía principalmente ideologías proletarias, desafiando simultáneamente las formas poéticas tradicionales. Los hallazgos clave indican que la comprensión teórica del verso libre en Azerbaiyán evolucionó significativamente, desde la experimentación periférica hasta la conciencia de sus potencialidades artísticas e ideológicas. Al integrar las perspectivas de teóricos literarios azerbaiyanos, rusos y occidentales, la investigación presenta un modelo integral que explica el surgimiento y la contextualización teórica del verso libre en la poesía azerbaiyana.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Free verse]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Azerbaijan]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Literary theory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Poetic evolution]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[20th-century poetry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Verso libre]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Azerbaiyán]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Teoría literaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Evolución poética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Poesía del siglo XX]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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