<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202025000300012</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Factors affecting human resource quality in the cooperative economic sector]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores que afectan la calidad de los recursos humanos en el sector de la economía cooperativa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hoang Van]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manh]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nguyen Duc]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nhuan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Do Thi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Dien]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Thuongmai University (TMU)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Vietnam</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202025000300012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The cooperative economic sector makes a substantial contribution to sustainable socio-economic development, job creation, poverty reduction, and the promotion of democratic participation. However, despite their significance and widespread presence, many cooperatives globally grapple with challenges related to human resource quality, a foundational element for their success and sustainability. This paper focuses on analyzing a number of multifaceted factors influencing human resource quality within the cooperative economic sector. Through a systematic synthesis and analysis of diverse secondary literature, including international academic studies, reports from organizations such as the International Co-operative Alliance (ICA), the International Labour Organization (ILO), United Nations agencies, and case studies from various countries, the paper identifies and elucidates five main groups of factors. These are: (1) National institutions, policies, and legal frameworks; (2) Education, training, and science and technology systems; (3) Cooperatives' internal governance capacity, work environment, and organizational culture; (4) Financial resources and physical infrastructure; and (5) The socio-economic and cultural environment. The analysis underscores the complex interplay among these factors and their context-dependent nature across nations, while also highlighting common global challenges. The research findings provide a comprehensive analytical framework, clarifying key barriers and drivers in enhancing human resource quality, thereby offering important implications for relevant stakeholders.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El sector de la economía cooperativa realiza una contribución significativa al desarrollo socioeconómico sostenible, la creación de empleo, la reducción de la pobreza y la promoción de la participación democrática. No obstante, a pesar de su importancia y amplia presencia, numerosas cooperativas a nivel mundial enfrentan desafíos relacionados con la calidad de sus recursos humanos, un factor fundamental para su éxito y sostenibilidad. Este artículo se centra en el análisis de diversos factores multidimensionales que inciden en la calidad de los recursos humanos dentro del sector de la economía cooperativa. Mediante la síntesis y el análisis sistemático de una amplia gama de fuentes secundarias -que incluyen estudios académicos internacionales, informes de organizaciones como la Alianza Cooperativa Internacional (ACI), la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), organismos de las Naciones Unidas y estudios de caso de diversos países-, el artículo identifica y dilucida cinco grupos principales de factores. Estos son: (1) El marco institucional, político y legal nacional; (2) El sistema educativo, de formación y científico-tecnológico; (3) La capacidad de gobernanza interna, el entorno laboral y la cultura organizacional de las cooperativas; (4) Los recursos financieros y la infraestructura física; y (5) El entorno socioeconómico y cultural. El análisis subraya la compleja interrelación entre estos factores y su dependencia del contexto nacional, al tiempo que señala desafíos comunes de carácter global. Los resultados de la investigación proveen un marco analítico integral que esclarece las principales barreras e impulsores en la mejora de la calidad de los recursos humanos, ofreciendo así implicaciones importantes para las partes interesadas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Human resources]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Human resource quality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cooperatives]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cooperative economic sector]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Factores de influencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Recursos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Calidad de los recursos humanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cooperativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sector de la economía cooperativa]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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